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Write the system of equations in matrix form AX = B.

Mathematics

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Answer

x=3,y=2x=3, y=2

Step-by-step solution

5 steps
  1. Write the system of equations in matrix form AX=BAX = B.

    The given system of equations is:

    4x+3y=184x + 3y = 18 5x−2y=115x - 2y = 11

    This can be written as:

    [435−2][xy]=[1811]\begin{bmatrix} 4 & 3 \\ 5 & -2 \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} x \\ y \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} 18 \\ 11 \end{bmatrix}

    Here, A=[435−2]A = \begin{bmatrix} 4 & 3 \\ 5 & -2 \end{bmatrix}, X=[xy]X = \begin{bmatrix} x \\ y \end{bmatrix}, and B=[1811]B = \begin{bmatrix} 18 \\ 11 \end{bmatrix}.

  2. Calculate the determinant of matrix AA.

    For a 2×22 \times 2 matrix [abcd]\begin{bmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{bmatrix}, the determinant is ad−bcad - bc.

    det⁡(A)=(4)(−2)−(3)(5)\det(A) = (4)(-2) - (3)(5) det⁡(A)=−8−15\det(A) = -8 - 15 det⁡(A)=−23\det(A) = -23
  3. Find the inverse of matrix AA.

    The inverse of a 2×22 \times 2 matrix [abcd]\begin{bmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{bmatrix} is 1det⁡(A)[d−b−ca]\frac{1}{\det(A)} \begin{bmatrix} d & -b \\ -c & a \end{bmatrix}.

    A−1=1−23[−2−3−54]A^{-1} = \frac{1}{-23} \begin{bmatrix} -2 & -3 \\ -5 & 4 \end{bmatrix}
  4. Solve for XX using X=A−1BX = A^{-1}B.

    [xy]=1−23[−2−3−54][1811]\begin{bmatrix} x \\ y \end{bmatrix} = \frac{1}{-23} \begin{bmatrix} -2 & -3 \\ -5 & 4 \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} 18 \\ 11 \end{bmatrix} [xy]=1−23[(−2)(18)+(−3)(11)(−5)(18)+(4)(11)]\begin{bmatrix} x \\ y \end{bmatrix} = \frac{1}{-23} \begin{bmatrix} (-2)(18) + (-3)(11) \\ (-5)(18) + (4)(11) \end{bmatrix} [xy]=1−23[−36−33−90+44]\begin{bmatrix} x \\ y \end{bmatrix} = \frac{1}{-23} \begin{bmatrix} -36 - 33 \\ -90 + 44 \end{bmatrix} [xy]=1−23[−69−46]\begin{bmatrix} x \\ y \end{bmatrix} = \frac{1}{-23} \begin{bmatrix} -69 \\ -46 \end{bmatrix} [xy]=[−69−23−46−23]\begin{bmatrix} x \\ y \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} \frac{-69}{-23} \\ \frac{-46}{-23} \end{bmatrix} [xy]=[32]\begin{bmatrix} x \\ y \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} 3 \\ 2 \end{bmatrix}
  5. State the solution.

    x=3x = 3 y=2y = 2

    The final answer is x=3,y=2x=3, y=2.

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