Show that cosh3x is equivalent to 4 cosh3x minus three coshx

Mathematics

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Answer

Shown\text{Shown}

Step-by-step solution

5 steps

To show the identity cosh⁡(3x)=4cosh⁡3x−3cosh⁡x\cosh(3x) = 4 \cosh^3 x - 3 \cosh x, we will start with the Left Hand Side (LHS) and simplify it to the Right Hand Side (RHS).

  1. Use the hyperbolic addition formula cosh⁡(A+B)=cosh⁡Acosh⁡B+sinh⁡Asinh⁡B\cosh(A+B) = \cosh A \cosh B + \sinh A \sinh B.

    Let A=2xA = 2x and B=xB = x.

    LHS=cosh⁡(3x)=cosh⁡(2x+x)=cosh⁡(2x)cosh⁡x+sinh⁡(2x)sinh⁡x\text{LHS} = \cosh(3x) = \cosh(2x + x) = \cosh(2x) \cosh x + \sinh(2x) \sinh x
  2. Substitute the double angle formulas for hyperbolic functions.

    Recall that cosh⁡(2x)=2cosh⁡2x−1\cosh(2x) = 2 \cosh^2 x - 1 and sinh⁡(2x)=2sinh⁡xcosh⁡x\sinh(2x) = 2 \sinh x \cosh x.

    LHS=(2cosh⁡2x−1)cosh⁡x+(2sinh⁡xcosh⁡x)sinh⁡x\text{LHS} = (2 \cosh^2 x - 1) \cosh x + (2 \sinh x \cosh x) \sinh x
  3. Expand the terms and simplify.

    LHS=2cosh⁡3x−cosh⁡x+2sinh⁡2xcosh⁡x\text{LHS} = 2 \cosh^3 x - \cosh x + 2 \sinh^2 x \cosh x
  4. Use the identity sinh⁡2x=cosh⁡2x−1\sinh^2 x = \cosh^2 x - 1.

    Substitute this into the expression.

    LHS=2cosh⁡3x−cosh⁡x+2(cosh⁡2x−1)cosh⁡x\text{LHS} = 2 \cosh^3 x - \cosh x + 2 (\cosh^2 x - 1) \cosh x
  5. Distribute and combine like terms.

    LHS=2cosh⁡3x−cosh⁡x+2cosh⁡3x−2cosh⁡x\text{LHS} = 2 \cosh^3 x - \cosh x + 2 \cosh^3 x - 2 \cosh x LHS=(2cosh⁡3x+2cosh⁡3x)+(−cosh⁡x−2cosh⁡x)\text{LHS} = (2 \cosh^3 x + 2 \cosh^3 x) + (-\cosh x - 2 \cosh x) LHS=4cosh⁡3x−3cosh⁡x\text{LHS} = 4 \cosh^3 x - 3 \cosh x

    Since LHS = RHS, the identity is proven.

    The final answer is Shown\text{Shown}.

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