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Prove that for any odd integer m, the expression (m4 + 4m2 + 11) / 16 is an integer.

Mathematics

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Step 1: Express mm in terms of an integer kk.
Since mm is an odd integer, we can write m=2k+1m = 2k+1 for some integer kk.

Step 2: Calculate m2m^2.

m2=(2k+1)2=4k2+4k+1=4k(k+1)+1m^2 = (2k+1)^2 = 4k^2 + 4k + 1 = 4k(k+1) + 1

Since kk and k+1k+1 are consecutive integers, one of them must be even. Thus, k(k+1)k(k+1) is always an even number. Let k(k+1)=2jk(k+1) = 2j for some integer jj.

m2=4(2j)+1=8j+1m^2 = 4(2j) + 1 = 8j + 1

Step 3: Calculate m4m^4.

m4=(m2)2=(8j+1)2=64j2+16j+1m^4 = (m^2)^2 = (8j+1)^2 = 64j^2 + 16j + 1

Step 4: Substitute m2m^2 and m4m^4 into the given expression.
The expression is m4+4m2+1116\frac{m^4 + 4m^2 + 11}{16}.
Substitute the values:

(64j2+16j+1)+4(8j+1)+1116\frac{(64j^2 + 16j + 1) + 4(8j+1) + 11}{16} 64j2+16j+1+32j+4+1116\frac{64j^2 + 16j + 1 + 32j + 4 + 11}{16} 64j2+(16j+32j)+(1+4+11)16\frac{64j^2 + (16j + 32j) + (1 + 4 + 11)}{16} 64j2+48j+1616\frac{64j^2 + 48j + 16}{16}

Step 5: Simplify the expression.

64j216+48j16+1616\frac{64j^2}{16} + \frac{48j}{16} + \frac{16}{16} 4j2+3j+14j^2 + 3j + 1

Since jj is an integer, 4j2+3j+14j^2 + 3j + 1 is also an integer.
Therefore, the number m4+4m2+1116\frac{m^4 + 4m^2 + 11}{16} is an integer.

The final answer is The expression is an integer\boxed{\text{The expression is an integer}}.

Step 1: Combine the terms under a single square root.
Given a,b,ca, b, c are positive real numbers.
We use the property x×y=xy\sqrt{x} \times \sqrt{y} = \sqrt{xy}.

ba×cb×ac=ba×cb×ac\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}} \times \sqrt{\frac{c}{b}} \times \sqrt{\frac{a}{c}} = \sqrt{\frac{b}{a} \times \frac{c}{b} \times \frac{a}{c}}

Step 2: Multiply the fractions inside the square root.

b×c×aa×b×c\sqrt{\frac{b \times c \times a}{a \times b \times c}}

Step 3: Simplify the expression inside the square root.

abcabc=1\sqrt{\frac{abc}{abc}} = \sqrt{1}

Step 4: Evaluate the square root.

1=1\sqrt{1} = 1

Thus, ba×cb×ac=1\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}} \times \sqrt{\frac{c}{b}} \times \sqrt{\frac{a}{c}} = 1.

The final answer is 1\boxed{1}.

Step 1: Substitute the given value of n\sqrt{n}.
We are given n=32\sqrt{n} = \frac{3}{2}.
We need to find −n-\sqrt{n}.

Step 2: Calculate −n-\sqrt{n}.

−n=−(32)=−32-\sqrt{n} = -\left(\frac{3}{2}\right) = -\frac{3}{2}

The final answer is −32\boxed{-\frac{3}{2}}.

Step 1: Start with a known true inequality.
For any real numbers aa and bb, the square of their difference is always non-negative:

(a−b)2≥0(a-b)^2 \ge 0

Step 2: Expand the inequality.

a2−2ab+b2≥0a^2 - 2ab + b^2 \ge 0

Step 3: Add 2ab2ab to both sides.

a2+b2≥2aba^2 + b^2 \ge 2ab

Step 4: Divide both sides by abab.
Since aa and bb are positive real numbers, abab is also positive. Dividing by a positive number does not change the direction of the inequality.

a2+b2ab≥2abab\frac{a^2 + b^2}{ab} \ge \frac{2ab}{ab}

Step 5: Separate the terms on the left side and simplify.

a2ab+b2ab≥2\frac{a^2}{ab} + \frac{b^2}{ab} \ge 2 ab+ba≥2\frac{a}{b} + \frac{b}{a} \ge 2

This proves the inequality.

The final answer is ab+ba≥2\boxed{\frac{a}{b} + \frac{b}{a} \ge 2}.

Step 1: Start with a known true inequality.
For any real number xx, the square of (x−1x)(x - \frac{1}{x}) is always non-negative, provided x≠0x \ne 0:

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