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The diagram above shows a triangle ABC in which A is (5,8), B is (2,4), C is (9,6). The point X is (2,2). Draw the images after the following transformations have been applied to triangle ABC

Mathematics

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Answers

3 parts
i

A′(5,−8),B′(2,−4),C′(9,−6)\text{}A'(5, -8), B'(2, -4), C'(9, -6)\text{}

ii

A′′(2,15),B′′(−1,11),C′′(6,13)\text{}A''(2, 15), B''(-1, 11), C''(6, 13)\text{}

iii

A′′′(8,−1),B′′′(4,2),C′′′(6,−5)\text{}A'''(8, -1), B'''(4, 2), C'''(6, -5)\text{}

Step-by-step solution

5 steps

Here are the coordinates of the images after each transformation:

Part i· 1 step

P reflection in the line y=0y=0

The line y=0y=0 is the x-axis. When a point (x,y)(x, y) is reflected in the x-axis, its image is (x,−y)(x, -y).

  1. Apply the reflection rule to each vertex of triangle ABCABC.

    For A(5,8)A(5, 8): A′=(5,−8)A' = (5, -8)
    For B(2,4)B(2, 4): B′=(2,−4)B' = (2, -4)
    For C(9,6)C(9, 6): C′=(9,−6)C' = (9, -6)

    The vertices of the reflected triangle A′B′C′A'B'C' are A′(5,−8),B′(2,−4),C′(9,−6)\boxed{\text{}A'(5, -8), B'(2, -4), C'(9, -6)\text{}}

Part ii

A′′(2,15),B′′(−1,11),C′′(6,13)\text{}A''(2, 15), B''(-1, 11), C''(6, 13)\text{}

Q translation by the vector (−37)\begin{pmatrix} -3 \\ 7 \end{pmatrix}

When a point (x,y)(x, y) is translated by the vector (ab)\begin{pmatrix} a \\ b \end{pmatrix}, its image is (x+a,y+b)(x+a, y+b).

  1. Apply the translation vector to each vertex of triangle ABCABC.

    For A(5,8)A(5, 8): A′′=(5+(−3),8+7)=(2,15)A'' = (5 + (-3), 8 + 7) = (2, 15)
    For B(2,4)B(2, 4): B′′=(2+(−3),4+7)=(−1,11)B'' = (2 + (-3), 4 + 7) = (-1, 11)
    For C(9,6)C(9, 6): C′′=(9+(−3),6+7)=(6,13)C'' = (9 + (-3), 6 + 7) = (6, 13)

    The vertices of the translated triangle A′′B′′C′′A''B''C'' are A′′(2,15),B′′(−1,11),C′′(6,13)\boxed{\text{}A''(2, 15), B''(-1, 11), C''(6, 13)\text{}}

Part iii

A′′′(8,−1),B′′′(4,2),C′′′(6,−5)\text{}A'''(8, -1), B'''(4, 2), C'''(6, -5)\text{}

R rotation clockwise through 90∘90^\circ about X(2,2)X(2,2)

To rotate a point (x,y)(x, y) about a center of rotation (a,b)(a, b):

  1. Translate the point so the center of rotation is at the origin: (x−a,y−b)(x-a, y-b).
  2. Apply the rotation rule for rotation about the origin. For a 90∘90^\circ clockwise rotation, (x,y)→(y,−x)(x, y) \to (y, -x).
  3. Translate the point back by (a,b)(a, b): (x′+a,y′+b)(x'+a, y'+b).
  1. Translate each vertex of triangle ABCABC so that X(2,2)X(2,2) is the origin.

    For A(5,8)A(5, 8): (5−2,8−2)=(3,6)(5-2, 8-2) = (3, 6)
    For B(2,4)B(2, 4): (2−2,4−2)=(0,2)(2-2, 4-2) = (0, 2)
    For C(9,6)C(9, 6): (9−2,6−2)=(7,4)(9-2, 6-2) = (7, 4)

  2. Apply the 90∘90^\circ clockwise rotation rule (x,y)→(y,−x)(x, y) \to (y, -x) to the translated points.

    For (3,6)(3, 6): (6,−3)(6, -3)
    For (0,2)(0, 2): (2,−0)=(2,0)(2, -0) = (2, 0)
    For (7,4)(7, 4): (4,−7)(4, -7)

  3. Translate the rotated points back by adding the coordinates of X(2,2)X(2,2).

    For (6,−3)(6, -3): A′′′=(6+2,−3+2)=(8,−1)A''' = (6+2, -3+2) = (8, -1)
    For (2,0)(2, 0): B′′′=(2+2,0+2)=(4,2)B''' = (2+2, 0+2) = (4, 2)
    For (4,−7)(4, -7): C′′′=(4+2,−7+2)=(6,−5)C''' = (4+2, -7+2) = (6, -5)

    The vertices of the rotated triangle A′′′B′′′C′′′A'''B'''C''' are A′′′(8,−1),B′′′(4,2),C′′′(6,−5)\boxed{\text{}A'''(8, -1), B'''(4, 2), C'''(6, -5)\text{}}

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