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The diagram shows a circle with centre O. The radius of the circle is 18 cm and angle AOC is θ. Find the area of the shaded region ACB, giving your answer in terms of θ.

Mathematics

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Answer

162(tan⁡θ−θ) cm2162(\tan\theta - \theta) \text{ cm}^2

Step-by-step solution

4 steps
  1. Identify the given information from the diagram.

    The circle has its center at OO and a radius of r=18r = 18 cm.
    The angle ∠AOC\angle AOC is given as θ\theta.
    The line segment ABAB is tangent to the circle at point AA, which means ∠OAB=90∘\angle OAB = 90^\circ.
    Point CC lies on the line segment OBOB and also on the circle. Therefore, OCOC is a radius, and the angle ∠AOB\angle AOB is equal to ∠AOC\angle AOC, which is θ\theta.

  2. Calculate the area of the right-angled triangle △OAB\triangle OAB.

    In △OAB\triangle OAB, OA=r=18OA = r = 18 cm.
    Since ∠OAB=90∘\angle OAB = 90^\circ, we can use trigonometry to find the length of ABAB.

    tan⁡(∠AOB)=oppositeadjacent=ABOA\tan(\angle AOB) = \frac{\text{opposite}}{\text{adjacent}} = \frac{AB}{OA} tan⁡θ=AB18\tan\theta = \frac{AB}{18} AB=18tan⁡θAB = 18\tan\theta

    The area of △OAB\triangle OAB is given by:

    Area△OAB=12×base×height=12×OA×AB\text{Area}_{\triangle OAB} = \frac{1}{2} \times \text{base} \times \text{height} = \frac{1}{2} \times OA \times AB Area△OAB=12×18×(18tan⁡θ)\text{Area}_{\triangle OAB} = \frac{1}{2} \times 18 \times (18\tan\theta) Area△OAB=9×18tan⁡θ=162tan⁡θ cm2\text{Area}_{\triangle OAB} = 9 \times 18\tan\theta = 162\tan\theta \text{ cm}^2
  3. Calculate the area of the sector OACOAC.

    The area of a sector with radius rr and angle θ\theta (in radians) is given by the formula 12r2θ\frac{1}{2}r^2\theta.

    Areasector OAC=12(18)2θ\text{Area}_{\text{sector } OAC} = \frac{1}{2}(18)^2\theta Areasector OAC=12(324)θ=162θ cm2\text{Area}_{\text{sector } OAC} = \frac{1}{2}(324)\theta = 162\theta \text{ cm}^2
  4. Find the area of the shaded region ACBACB.

    The shaded region ACBACB is the area of △OAB\triangle OAB minus the area of sector OACOAC.

    Areashaded=Area△OAB−Areasector OAC\text{Area}_{\text{shaded}} = \text{Area}_{\triangle OAB} - \text{Area}_{\text{sector } OAC} Areashaded=162tan⁡θ−162θ\text{Area}_{\text{shaded}} = 162\tan\theta - 162\theta Areashaded=162(tan⁡θ−θ) cm2\text{Area}_{\text{shaded}} = \boxed{162(\tan\theta - \theta) \text{ cm}^2}
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