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The graph of the function f(x) = racax+p + q has a vertical asymptote at x = -1, a horizontal asymptote at y = 1, and passes through the point P(-2; 4). Determine the values of a, p, and q.

Mathematics

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3 parts
1.1

a=−3,p=1,q=1a = -3, p = 1, q = 1

1.2
(2; 0)

Step-by-step solution

7 steps

Here's the solution to Question 1:

Part 1.1· 3 steps

Determine the values of a,p,a, p, and qq.

  1. Identify pp from the vertical asymptote.

    The general form of a hyperbola is f(x)=ax+p+qf(x) = \frac{a}{x+p} + q.
    The vertical asymptote is given by x+p=0x+p = 0, so x=−px = -p.
    From the problem, the vertical asymptote is x=−1x = -1.
    Therefore, −p=−1  ⟹  p=1-p = -1 \implies p = 1.

  2. Identify qq from the horizontal asymptote.

    The horizontal asymptote is y=qy = q.
    From the problem, the horizontal asymptote is y=1y = 1.
    Therefore, q=1q = 1.

  3. Use the given point P(−2;4)(-2; 4) to find aa.

    Substitute p=1p=1 and q=1q=1 into the function:

    f(x)=ax+1+1f(x) = \frac{a}{x+1} + 1

    The point P(−2;4)(-2; 4) lies on the graph, so substitute x=−2x=-2 and f(x)=4f(x)=4:

    4=a−2+1+14 = \frac{a}{-2+1} + 1 4=a−1+14 = \frac{a}{-1} + 1 4=−a+14 = -a + 1 4−1=−a4 - 1 = -a 3=−a3 = -a a=−3a = -3

    The values are: a=−3,p=1,q=1\boxed{a = -3, p = 1, q = 1}

Part 1.2(2; 0)

Calculate the coordinates of T, the xx-intercept of ff.

  1. Set f(x)=0f(x) = 0 to find the xx-intercept.

    Using the function f(x)=−3x+1+1f(x) = \frac{-3}{x+1} + 1:

    0=−3x+1+10 = \frac{-3}{x+1} + 1
  2. Solve for xx.

    −1=−3x+1-1 = \frac{-3}{x+1}

    Multiply both sides by (x+1)(x+1):

    −(x+1)=−3-(x+1) = -3 x+1=3x+1 = 3 x=3−1x = 3 - 1 x=2x = 2

    The xx-intercept is at x=2x=2, and the yy-coordinate is 0.

    The coordinates of T are: (2;0)\boxed{(2; 0)}

Part 1.32

If the graph of ff is symmetrical with respect to the line y=x+cy = x+c, determine the value of cc.

  1. Identify the point of intersection of the asymptotes.

    The asymptotes are x=−1x = -1 and y=1y = 1. Their intersection point is (−1;1)(-1; 1).
    For a hyperbola, the lines of symmetry pass through the point of intersection of its asymptotes.

  2. Use the point of intersection of asymptotes to find cc.

    The given line of symmetry is y=x+cy = x+c.
    Since this line passes through (−1;1)(-1; 1), substitute x=−1x=-1 and y=1y=1 into the equation:

    1=−1+c1 = -1 + c c=1+1c = 1 + 1 c=2c = 2

    The value of cc is: 2\boxed{2}

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