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Using the provided data, estimate the quantity of lubricant required in 2025 when machines are planned to work for 8 x 105 hours. Calculate the slope (b) and y-intercept (a) for the linear regression

Mathematics

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3 parts
i

147.78×103 gallons\text{147.78} \times 10^3 \text{ gallons}

ii

6.40×104 hours\text{6.40} \times 10^4 \text{ hours}

iii

1 Oiler\text{1 Oiler}

Step-by-step solution

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here's the complete solution for Question 2:

Part 2

The table provides data for "Quantity of lubricant x 10310^3 gallons" and "Total machine hours x 10410^4 hrs". Let YY be the quantity of lubricant in 10310^3 gallons and XX be the total machine hours in 10410^4 hrs.

PeriodYY (10310^3 gallons)XX (10410^4 hrs)XYXYX2X^2
20242915435225
20232310230100
20221669636
20211144416
202052104
Sum∑Y=84\sum Y = 84∑X=37\sum X = 37∑XY=815\sum XY = 815∑X2=381\sum X^2 = 381
n=5n = 5

Part i

147.78×103 gallons\text{147.78} \times 10^3 \text{ gallons}

Estimate the quantity of lubricant to be required in Year 2025 when the machines are planned to work for a total of 8×1058 \times 10^5 Hours.

  1. Calculate the slope (bb) for the linear regression equation Y=a+bXY = a + bX.

    b=n(∑XY)−(∑X)(∑Y)n(∑X2)−(∑X)2b = \frac{n(\sum XY) - (\sum X)(\sum Y)}{n(\sum X^2) - (\sum X)^2} b=5(815)−(37)(84)5(381)−(37)2b = \frac{5(815) - (37)(84)}{5(381) - (37)^2} b=4075−31081905−1369b = \frac{4075 - 3108}{1905 - 1369} b=967536≈1.8041b = \frac{967}{536} \approx 1.8041
  2. Calculate the y-intercept (aa) for the linear regression equation.

    a=∑Y−b(∑X)na = \frac{\sum Y - b(\sum X)}{n} a=84−1.8041(37)5a = \frac{84 - 1.8041(37)}{5} a=84−66.75175a = \frac{84 - 66.7517}{5} a=17.24835≈3.4497a = \frac{17.2483}{5} \approx 3.4497
  3. Formulate the regression equation and determine the value of XX for 2025.

    The regression equation is Y=3.4497+1.8041XY = 3.4497 + 1.8041X.
    The total machine hours for 2025 are 8×1058 \times 10^5 hours. Since XX is in 10410^4 hours, we convert:

    X=8×105 hours104 hours/unit=80X = \frac{8 \times 10^5 \text{ hours}}{10^4 \text{ hours/unit}} = 80
  4. Estimate the quantity of lubricant (YY) for 2025.

    Y=3.4497+1.8041(80)Y = 3.4497 + 1.8041(80) Y=3.4497+144.328Y = 3.4497 + 144.328 Y=147.7777Y = 147.7777

    Since YY is in 10310^3 gallons, the quantity of lubricant is 147.7777×103147.7777 \times 10^3 gallons.
    The estimated quantity of lubricant required in Year 2025 is 147.78×103 gallons\boxed{\text{147.78} \times 10^3 \text{ gallons}}.

Part ii

6.40×104 hours\text{6.40} \times 10^4 \text{ hours}

For the 2026 & beyond, the lubricating oil consumption is to be pegged at 15×10315 \times 10^3 gallons per annum. What is the expected total production hour for the machine per annum for the period?

  1. Set the lubricant consumption (YY) to the given value.

    The lubricating oil consumption is 15×10315 \times 10^3 gallons, so Y=15Y = 15 in our units.

  2. Use the regression equation to find the corresponding total machine hours (XX).

    15=3.4497+1.8041X15 = 3.4497 + 1.8041X 15−3.4497=1.8041X15 - 3.4497 = 1.8041X 11.5503=1.8041X11.5503 = 1.8041X X=11.55031.8041≈6.4022X = \frac{11.5503}{1.8041} \approx 6.4022
  3. Convert XX back to total production hours.

    Since XX is in 10410^4 hrs, the total production hour is 6.4022×1046.4022 \times 10^4 hrs.
    The expected total production hour is 6.40×104 hours\boxed{\text{6.40} \times 10^4 \text{ hours}}.

Part iii

1 Oiler\text{1 Oiler}

How many oilers will be required in year 2025? If each Oiler works at the rate of 100 gallons/hour. Assume 250 working day per annum & 8 hours per day. Use factor for Oiler = 0.8.

  1. Determine the total lubricant required in 2025.

    From part (i), the total lubricant required in 2025 is 147.7777×103147.7777 \times 10^3 gallons, which is 147,777.7 gallons.

  2. Calculate the total effective working hours for one Oiler per annum.

    Total working days per annum = 250 days
    Hours per day = 8 hours
    Total hours per Oiler per annum = 250 days/year×8 hours/day=2000 hours/year250 \text{ days/year} \times 8 \text{ hours/day} = 2000 \text{ hours/year}.

  3. Calculate the effective lubricant handling capacity of one Oiler per annum.

    Rate of work for one Oiler = 100 gallons/hour.
    Factor for Oiler = 0.8.
    Effective rate of work = 100 gallons/hour×0.8=80 gallons/hour100 \text{ gallons/hour} \times 0.8 = 80 \text{ gallons/hour}.
    Effective gallons an Oiler can handle per annum = 2000 hours/year×80 gallons/hour=160,000 gallons/year2000 \text{ hours/year} \times 80 \text{ gallons/hour} = 160,000 \text{ gallons/year}.

  4. Calculate the number of oilers required.

    Number of oilers=Total lubricant requiredEffective gallons per Oiler per annum\text{Number of oilers} = \frac{\text{Total lubricant required}}{\text{Effective gallons per Oiler per annum}} Number of oilers=147,777.7 gallons160,000 gallons/oiler\text{Number of oilers} = \frac{147,777.7 \text{ gallons}}{160,000 \text{ gallons/oiler}} Number of oilers≈0.9236\text{Number of oilers} \approx 0.9236

    Since you cannot have a fraction of an Oiler, we round up to the nearest whole number.
    The number of oilers required in year 2025 is 1 Oiler\boxed{\text{1 Oiler}}.

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