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A ball of mass 400 gm is dropped from tower of height 90 m. Find: i) Time to reach the ground. ii) Velocity with which it strike the ground and its final momentum.

Physics

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Here's the solution for question 13:

13. A ball of mass 400 gm is dropped from tower of height 90 m. Find: i) Time to reach the ground. ii) Velocity with which it strike the ground and its final momentum.

Given:

  • Mass of the ball, m=400 gm=0.4 kgm = 400 \text{ gm} = 0.4 \text{ kg}

  • Height of the tower, h=90 mh = 90 \text{ m}

  • Initial velocity, u=0 m/su = 0 \text{ m/s} (since it is dropped)

  • Acceleration due to gravity, g=9.8 m/s2g = 9.8 \text{ m/s}^2

  • i) Time to reach the ground (tt):

  1. Use the kinematic equation relating displacement, initial velocity, time, and acceleration.

    $$
    h = ut + \frac{1}{2}gt^2
    $$
    
  2. Substitute the given values.

    $$
    90 \text{ m} = (0 \text{ m/s})t + \frac{1}{2}(9.8 \text{ m/s}^2)t^2
    $$
    $$
    90 = 4.9t^2
    $$
    
  3. Solve for tt.

    $$
    t^2 = \frac{90}{4.9}
    $$
    $$
    t^2 \approx 18.3673 \text{ s}^2
    $$
    $$
    t = \sqrt{18.3673}
    $$
    $$
    t \approx 4.286 \text{ s}
    $$
    The time to reach the ground is $\boxed{\text{4.29 s}}$.
    
    • ii) Velocity with which it strikes the ground (vv) and its final momentum (pp):
  4. Calculate the final velocity (vv) using the kinematic equation.

    $$
    v^2 = u^2 + 2gh
    $$
    
  5. Substitute the given values.

    $$
    v^2 = (0 \text{ m/s})^2 + 2(9.8 \text{ m/s}^2)(90 \text{ m})
    $$
    $$
    v^2 = 0 + 1764 \text{ m}^2/\text{s}^2
    $$
    $$
    v = \sqrt{1764}
    $$
    $$
    v = 42 \text{ m/s}
    $$
    The velocity with which it strikes the ground is $\boxed{\text{42 m/s}}$.
    
  6. Calculate the final momentum (pp).

    $$
    p = mv
    $$
    
  7. Substitute the mass and final velocity.

    $$
    p = (0.4 \text{ kg})(42 \text{ m/s})
    $$
    $$
    p = 16.8 \text{ kg m/s}
    $$
    The final momentum is $\boxed{\text{16.8 kg m/s}}$.
    
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