A) Hooke's Law states that the extension of a spring is directly proportional to the force applied to it, provided the elastic limit is not exceeded.

• The material of the spring (e.g., steel, copper).
• The diameter of the wire used to make the spring.

ii) The latent heat of vaporization ($Q$) is the total energy required to change the state of a mass $m$ of a substance at its boiling point without a change in temperature. Given $L_v$ is the specific latent heat of vaporization (energy per unit mass), the expression for the total latent heat of vaporization is:

where $m$ is the mass of the steam and $L_v$ is the specific latent heat of vaporization.
The expression for the latent heat of vaporization of steam is $\boxed{Q = mL_v}$.