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A particle P of mass 1 kg is subjected to a force F = [(3t2 - 4t)i + (6t - 5)j] N. If its velocity at t=3s is (11i + 10j) m/s, find its acceleration and velocity at time t.
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4 partsStep-by-step solution
10 stepsGiven:
Mass of particle P, kg.
Force N.
At s, velocity m/s.
Part a· 1 step
The acceleration of P at time seconds.
Use Newton's second law, .
Since the mass kg, the acceleration is equal to the force .
The acceleration of P at time is .
Part b
The velocity of P at time seconds.
Integrate the acceleration vector to find the velocity vector.
Let be the constant of integration.
Use the given initial condition to find the constant of integration .
We are given that m/s. Substitute into the velocity equation:
Equate this to the given velocity at :
Substitute back into the velocity equation.
The velocity of P at time is .
Part c
The kinetic energy of P when it is moving parallel to the vector .
Determine the time when the particle is moving parallel to the vector .
Moving parallel to the vector means the -component of the velocity is zero.
From part (b), the -component of is .
Set this to zero:Solve the quadratic equation for :
Two possible values for :
Since time must be positive, we use s.
Calculate the velocity of P at s.
Substitute into the velocity equation from part (b):
The magnitude of the velocity is m/s.
Calculate the kinetic energy.
The kinetic energy is given by .
Given kg and m/s.The kinetic energy of P when it is moving parallel to the vector is .
Part d
Determine the velocity of P relative to Q at time .
Identify the velocity of particle Q.
Particle Q moves with velocity m/s.
Identify the velocity of particle P at s.
From part (c), we found m/s.
Calculate the velocity of P relative to Q.
The velocity of P relative to Q is .
The velocity of P relative to Q at time is .
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