Law of refraction

The Law of Refraction, also known as Snell's Law, describes the relationship between the angles of incidence and refraction when light passes from one medium to another. It states that the ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction is constant for a given pair of media, and this constant is equal to the ratio of the refractive indices of the two media.

The formula for Snell's Law is:

$$n_1 \sin \theta_1 = n_2 \sin \theta_2$$

Where:

• $n_1$ is the refractive index of the first medium.
• $\theta_1$ is the angle of incidence (the angle between the incident ray and the normal to the surface).
• $n_2$ is the refractive index of the second medium.
• $\theta_2$ is the angle of refraction (the angle between the refracted ray and the normal to the surface).