This accounting problem is solved step by step below, with detailed explanations to help you understand the method and arrive at the correct answer.
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Hapa kuna hesabu za Ingo Traders: Taarifa Uliyopewa: Manunuzi (Purchases) = Sh. 40,000 Akiba ya Kufungua (Opening Stock) = Sh. 15,000 Akiba ya Kufunga (Closing Stock) = Sh. 5,000 Faida Juu ya Gharama (Mark-up) = 25% Gharama za Uendeshaji (Expenses) = 40% ya Faida Ghafi (Gross Profit) Step 1: Kokotoa Gharama ya Bidhaa Zilizouzwa (Cost of Goods Sold - COGS) Gharama ya Bidhaa Zilizouzwa inapatikana kwa kuongeza akiba ya kufungua na manunuzi, kisha kutoa akiba ya kufunga. COGS = Akiba ya Kufungua + Manunuzi - Akiba ya Kufunga COGS = Sh. 15,000 + Sh. 40,000 - Sh. 5,000 COGS = Sh. 50,000 Step 2: Kokotoa Faida Ghafi (Gross Profit) na Mauzo (Sales) Kwa kuwa mark-up ni 25%, hii inamaanisha Faida Ghafi ni 25% ya Gharama ya Bidhaa Zilizouzwa. Faida Ghafi = 25\% × COGS Faida Ghafi = 0.25 × Sh. 50,000 Faida Ghafi = Sh. 12,500 Mauzo ni jumla ya Gharama ya Bidhaa Zilizouzwa na Faida Ghafi. Mauzo = COGS + Faida Ghafi Mauzo = Sh. 50,000 + Sh. 12,500 (i) Mauzo = Sh. 62,500 Step 3: Kokotoa Gharama za Uendeshaji (Expenses) Gharama za Uendeshaji ni 40% ya Faida Ghafi. Gharama za Uendeshaji = 40\% × Faida Ghafi Gharama za Uendeshaji = 0.40 × Sh. 12,500 Gharama za Uendeshaji = Sh. 5,000 Step 4: Kokotoa Faida Halisi (Net Profit) Faida Halisi inapatikana kwa kutoa Gharama za Uendeshaji kutoka Faida Ghafi. Faida Halisi = Faida Ghafi - Gharama za Uendeshaji Faida Halisi = Sh. 12,500 - Sh. 5,000 (ii) Faida Halisi = Sh. 7,500 Step 5: Kokotoa Kiwango cha Mzunguko wa Akiba (Rate of Stock Turnover) Kwanza, kokotoa Akiba ya Wastani (Average Stock). Akiba ya Wastani = Akiba ya Kufungua + Akiba ya Kufunga2 Akiba ya Wastani = Sh. 15,000 + Sh. 5,0002 Akiba ya Wastani = Sh. 20,0002 Akiba ya Wastani = Sh. 10,000 Kisha, kokotoa Kiwango cha Mzunguko wa Akiba. Kiwango cha Mzunguko wa Akiba = COGSAkiba ya Wastani Kiwango cha Mzunguko wa Akiba = Sh. 50,000Sh. 10,000 (iii) Kiwango cha Mzunguko wa Akiba = 5 mara That's 2 down. 3 left today — send the next one.