A) Distinguish between homologous and analogous structures in evolution.

Here is the solution to question 1:

a) Distinguish between homologous and analogous structures in evolution.

Homologous structures are structures in different species that are similar due to common ancestry, even if they have different functions. For example, the forelimbs of humans, bats, and whales have the same basic bone structure but are used for different activities.
Analogous structures are structures in different species that have similar functions but evolved independently and do not share a common ancestor. For example, the wings of birds and insects both allow flight but have very different anatomical origins.

b) Name one vestigial structure in mammals.

One vestigial structure in mammals is the appendix in humans.