A) (i) Gene technology: This refers to the techniques used to manipulate, modify, or transfer genes from one organism to another. It encompasses a range of methods, including genetic engin

Here are the explanations for 10. a):

• 10. a) (i) Gene technology: This refers to the techniques used to manipulate, modify, or transfer genes from one organism to another. It encompasses a range of methods, including genetic engineering, to alter the genetic makeup of an organism for specific purposes.

• 10. a) (ii) Recombinant DNA (rDNA): This is a DNA molecule created in the laboratory by combining genetic material from two or more different sources. It typically involves inserting a gene of interest from one organism into the DNA of another, often using a vector.

• 10. a) (iii) Plasmid: A plasmid is a small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecule found naturally in bacteria and some eukaryotic cells. Plasmids are separate from the cell's chromosomal DNA and can replicate independently. They are widely used as vectors in genetic engineering to carry and transfer genes.