Briefly explain any five factors that affect the capability of the body to resist against infections and diseases.

Here are the factors that affect the body's resistance to infections and diseases:

5. Briefly explain any five factors that affect the capability of the body to resist against infections and diseases;

• i) Nutrition: A balanced diet provides essential vitamins, minerals, and energy, which are crucial for the proper functioning and development of the immune system. Malnutrition weakens the body's defenses.
• ii) Age: The immune system is less mature in infants and young children and tends to decline with old age, making both groups more vulnerable to infections.
• iii) Stress: Chronic stress can suppress the immune system by releasing hormones like cortisol, which reduces the production of infection-fighting white blood cells.
• iv) Sleep: Adequate and quality sleep is vital for the immune system to produce protective proteins (cytokines) and other immune cells that fight off infections. Lack of sleep can impair immune response.
• v) Vaccination: Vaccines stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies and memory cells against specific pathogens, providing long-term immunity and preventing severe illness upon exposure.