A human body is made up of trillions of cells that work together to maintain life. Name FOUR main parts of a human cell. 12. Mr. K does not like applying lotion or taking care of his skin, making it vulnerable to damage. State THREE functions of the skin. 13. You meet different clients with varying health needs during your routine community assessment. Identify FOUR reasons why you would refer them to the hospital. 14. During a community health talk on physical wellness, community members are educated on how muscles help the body to do in daily activities. State THREE major functions of the muscular system. 15. Madam P has eaten a heavy meal and complains of stomach discomfort. List FOUR organs which helps the body break down the food she has eaten. 16. Cases of Urinary Tract Infection (UTIs) among adolescent girls in community X is high, partly due to poor personal hygiene, such as incorrect wiping after using the toilet. State FOUR signs and symptoms that may indicate UTI in affected individual. 17. The body controls processes like blood sugar regulation, stress reactions and growth. Name THREE hormones that are secreted from the endocrine system. 18. During a routine community health outreach, you are required to educate households on maintaining a healthy nervous system. State FOUR practices that can help promote nervous system health. 19. You are conducting home visits and find an adult presenting with difficulty breathing, persistent cough and chest tightness. Name FOUR possible respiratory disorders associated with these symptoms. 20. A member of your community presents with a condition where the body system attacks itself. Identify THREE common autoimmune diseases affecting human body systems. 21. Communities worldwide are experiencing a rising burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cancer. State FOUR effects of non-communicable diseases in the community today.

11. Four main parts of a human cell are: Cell membrane* Cytoplasm* Nucleus* Mitochondria* 12. Three functions of the skin are: Protection* against pathogens and UV radiation. Regulation of body temperature* through sweating and blood flow. Sensation* through nerve endings that detect touch, pressure, pain, and temperature. 13. Four reasons to refer clients to the hospital are: Presence of severe acute illness or injury* requiring immediate medical intervention. Uncontrolled chronic conditions* that have worsened significantly. Need for specialized diagnostic tests or treatments* not available in the community setting. Signs of medical emergencies* such as severe chest pain, difficulty breathing, or loss of consciousness. 14. Three major functions of the muscular system are: Movement* of the body and its parts. Maintenance of posture* and body position. Heat production* to maintain body temperature. 15. Four organs which help the body break down food are: Stomach* Small intestine* Pancreas* Liver* 16. Four signs and symptoms that may indicate UTI in an affected individual are: Pain or burning sensation* during urination (dysuria). Frequent urge to urinate* (frequency). Cloudy, strong-smelling, or bloody urine*. Pelvic pain* or pressure in the lower abdomen. 17. Three hormones that are secreted from the endocrine system are: Insulin* Adrenaline* (epinephrine) Growth hormone* 18. Four practices that can help promote nervous system health are: Maintaining a balanced and nutritious diet* rich in antioxidants and omega-3 fatty acids. Engaging in regular physical exercise*. Ensuring adequate and quality sleep*. Practicing stress management techniques* like meditation or mindfulness. 19. Four possible respiratory disorders associated with difficulty breathing, persistent cough, and chest tightness are: Asthma* Bronchitis* Pneumonia* Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease* (COPD) 20. Three common autoimmune diseases affecting human body systems are: Rheumatoid arthritis* Systemic lupus erythematosus* (Lupus) Type 1 diabetes* 21. Four effects of non-communicable diseases in the community today are: Increased healthcare costs* due to long-term treatment and management. Reduced productivity* and economic burden due to disability and premature death. Strain on healthcare systems* and resources. Decreased quality of life* for affected individuals and their families.