State the Class of flowering plants to which the orange plant belongs.

Here are the answers to the questions:

1. a) The biological significance of these essential oil glands to the fruit while it is still on the tree is to repel pests and herbivores.

1. b) (i) The Class of flowering plants to which the orange plant belongs is Dicotyledoneae.

1. b) (ii) Two structural reasons visible in the fruit section to support this classification are:

• The fruit has multiple locules (segments), indicating a compound ovary.
• The seeds are attached to a central axis, characteristic of axile placentation.

1. d) (i) Number of segments observed: 10.

1. d) (ii) The evolutionary advantage to the plant of having a fruit partitioned into multiple isolated segments rather than a single open cavity is that it protects the seeds. If one segment is damaged or infected, the other segments and their seeds may remain viable, increasing the chances of successful seed dispersal and germination.

1. e) The type of placentation shown by the seeds in the section of O is Axile placentation.

5. a) After 20 minutes in distilled water, the observations for the banana strips would be:

Flexibility	Appearance	Average length	Texture
Reduced (stiffer)	Slightly swollen	Increased (e.g., > 4.0 cm)	Firm / Turgid

2 zimekamilika. Zimebaki 3 leo — tuma inayofuata.