Drugs to be avoided in Acuke Kidney Injury

1. Nephrotoxic Medications:

   • NSAIDs (Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs): Drugs like ibuprofen, naproxen, and diclofenac can reduce blood flow to the kidneys, especially in states of reduced renal perfusion.
   • Certain Antibiotics: Aminoglycosides (e.g., gentamicin, amikacin) and vancomycin (especially at high doses or prolonged use) can be toxic to kidney tubules.
   • Radiocontrast Agents: Used in imaging studies, these can cause contrast-induced nephropathy.

2. Medications Affecting Renal Perfusion or Function:

   • ACE Inhibitors (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors) and ARBs (Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers): While often used in CKD, they can precipitate AKI in situations of severe volume depletion or bilateral renal artery stenosis.
   • Diuretics: Overuse can lead to dehydration and reduced kidney perfusion.
   • Certain Antivirals: Such as foscarnet and cidofovir.

3. Medications Causing Obstruction:

   • Sulfonamides and Methotrexate: Can precipitate in renal tubules, causing obstruction.

It is crucial for healthcare providers to review a patient's medication list thoroughly when AKI is suspected or diagnosed and to adjust or discontinue any potentially harmful drugs.