How do enzymes work and what affects their activity?
Biology
ScanSolve AI Answer
Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up reactions by lowering activation energy. They work via the lock-and-key (or induced-fit) model: substrate binds to the active site, forming an enzyme-substrate complex. Factors affecting activity: Temperature (too high → denaturation), pH (each enzyme has an optimal pH), substrate concentration (saturation at Vmax), and inhibitors. Competitive inhibitors block the active site. Non-competitive inhibitors change enzyme shape. Km = substrate concentration at half Vmax.
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