i) State Mendel's first law of heredity. ii) What is a dominant gene? iii) In cockerels and hens, the gene…

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i) State Mendel's first law of heredity. ii) What is a dominant gene? iii) In cockerels and hens, the gene for black color (B) is dominant over the gene for white color (b). If a homozygous black cock

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Here's the solution to question 3: 3. (a) i) Mendel's first law of heredity, also known as the Law of Segregation, states that during the formation of gametes, the two alleles for a heritable character segregate (separate) from each other, so that each gamete carries only one allele for each character. ii) A dominant gene is an allele that expresses its phenotypic effect even when heterozygous with a recessive allele. It masks the presence of the recessive allele. iii) Step 1: Assign alleles. Let B represent the dominant black color and b represent the recessive white color. Step 2: Determine the genotypes of the parents. Homozygous black cockerel: BB Homozygous white hen: bb Step 3: Perform the genetic cross. Parents: BB (cockerel) × bb (hen) Gametes: B b Offspring (F1 generation): Bb Step 4: Determine the phenotype of the offspring. Since black (B) is dominant over white (b), all chicks with the genotype Bb will be black. The color of the chicks hatched will be black. 3. (b) Five breeding methods used in animal husbandry are: Inbreeding Outcrossing Crossbreeding Line breeding Artificial insemination 3. (c) Five factors that could affect the birth weight of lambs are: Maternal nutrition during gestation Litter size (single, twin, triplet) Genetics of the parents (breed and individual genetic potential) Maternal age Gestation length (premature or prolonged birth) 3. (d) Three physical differences between sheep and goats are: Tail position: Sheep tails typically hang down and are often docked, while goat tails are usually short and point upwards. Horns: Goat horns tend to be straighter and point upwards or backwards, whereas sheep horns are often curled or spiral outwards. Presence of a beard: Male goats (bucks) often have beards, which are generally absent in sheep.

I) State Mendel's first law of heredity. ii) What is a dominant gene? iii) In cockerels and hens, the gene for black color (B) is dominant over the gene for white color (b). If a homozygous black cock

Step-by-step solution

Part i

Part ii

Part iii· 4 steps

Assign alleles.

Determine the genotypes of the parents.

Perform the genetic cross.

Determine the phenotype of the offspring.

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