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Identify the dominant allele.

Biology

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5 parts
a

EE and EeEE \text{ and } Ee

b

ee

c

brown-eyed\text{brown-eyed}

d

50% brown-eyed and 50% blue-eyed50\% \text{ brown-eyed and } 50\% \text{ blue-eyed}

e

Ee

daughter\text{daughter}

Step-by-step solution

19 steps

Here are the solutions to the genetics problem:

Part a· 2 steps

What are the two possible genotypes for a brown-eyed rabbit?

  1. Identify the dominant allele.

    The allele for brown eyes is dominant, represented by EE.

  2. Determine genotypes for the dominant phenotype.

    A dominant phenotype can be homozygous dominant or heterozygous.
    The two possible genotypes are:

    • EEEE (homozygous dominant)
    • EeEe (heterozygous)

    The two possible genotypes for a brown-eyed rabbit are EE and Ee\boxed{EE \text{ and } Ee}.

Part bee

What is the only possible genotype for a blue-eyed rabbit?

  1. Identify the recessive allele.

    The allele for blue eyes is recessive, represented by ee.

  2. Determine the genotype for the recessive phenotype.

    A recessive phenotype must be homozygous recessive.

    The only possible genotype for a blue-eyed rabbit is ee\boxed{ee}.

Part c

brown-eyed\text{brown-eyed}

Draw a genetic diagram to show the expected phenotypes in the offspring from a cross between a homozygous brown-eyed rabbit and a blue-eyed rabbit.

  1. Identify the genotypes of the parents.

    Homozygous brown-eyed rabbit: EEEE
    Blue-eyed rabbit: eeee

  2. Determine the gametes produced by each parent.

    Parent 1 (EEEE): EE
    Parent 2 (eeee): ee

  3. Construct a Punnett square.

    GametesEeEe\begin{array}{|c|c|} \hline \text{Gametes} & E \\ \hline e & Ee \\ \hline \end{array}
  4. Determine the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring.

    All offspring will have the genotype EeEe.
    All offspring will have brown eyes.

    The genetic diagram shows that all offspring will be brown-eyed\boxed{\text{brown-eyed}}.

Part d

50% brown-eyed and 50% blue-eyed50\% \text{ brown-eyed and } 50\% \text{ blue-eyed}

Draw a genetic diagram to show the expected phenotypes in the offspring from a cross between a heterozygous brown-eyed rabbit and a blue-eyed rabbit.

  1. Identify the genotypes of the parents.

    Heterozygous brown-eyed rabbit: EeEe
    Blue-eyed rabbit: eeee

  2. Determine the gametes produced by each parent.

    Parent 1 (EeEe): E,eE, e
    Parent 2 (eeee): ee

  3. Construct a Punnett square.

    GametesEeeEeee\begin{array}{|c|c|c|} \hline \text{Gametes} & E & e \\ \hline e & Ee & ee \\ \hline \end{array}
  4. Determine the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring.

    Genotypes: EeEe (50%), eeee (50%)
    Phenotypes: Brown eyes (50%), Blue eyes (50%)

    The genetic diagram shows that the expected phenotypes are 50% brown-eyed and 50% blue-eyed\boxed{50\% \text{ brown-eyed and } 50\% \text{ blue-eyed}}.

Part eEe

A brown-eyed rabbit was crossed with a blue-eyed rabbit. They had nine young, of which four had brown eyes and five had blue eyes. What was the genotype of the brown-eyed parent?

  1. Identify the known parent genotype and offspring phenotypes.

    Blue-eyed parent: eeee
    Offspring: 4 brown-eyed, 5 blue-eyed (approximately a 1:1 ratio).

  2. Consider the two possible genotypes for the brown-eyed parent.

    Case 1: If the brown-eyed parent was EEEE.
    Cross: EE×eeEE \times ee
    Offspring: All EeEe (brown-eyed). This does not match the observed offspring (some blue-eyed).
    Case 2: If the brown-eyed parent was EeEe.
    Cross: Ee×eeEe \times ee
    Offspring: 50%50\% EeEe (brown-eyed) and 50%50\% eeee (blue-eyed). This is a 1:1 ratio.

  3. Compare expected ratios with observed offspring.

    The observed ratio of 4 brown-eyed to 5 blue-eyed offspring is approximately 1:1, which matches the expected ratio from an Ee×eeEe \times ee cross.

    The genotype of the brown-eyed parent was Ee\boxed{Ee}.

    f) A rabbit breeder crossed a brown-eyed rabbit with a blue-eyed rabbit. The rabbits had three young, all of which had brown eyes. The breeder said this proved that the brown-eyed rabbit must have the genotype EE, but her daughter said she could not be certain and she should do the cross again to make sure. Who was right – the breeder or her daughter?

  4. Identify the known parent genotype and offspring phenotypes.

    Blue-eyed rabbit: eeee
    Offspring: 3 young, all brown-eyed.

  5. Consider the two possible genotypes for the brown-eyed parent.

    Case 1: If the brown-eyed parent was EEEE.
    Cross: EE×eeEE \times ee
    Offspring: All EeEe (brown-eyed). This is consistent with observing 3 brown-eyed offspring.
    Case 2: If the brown-eyed parent was EeEe.
    Cross: Ee×eeEe \times ee
    Offspring: 50%50\% EeEe (brown-eyed) and 50%50\% eeee (blue-eyed).

  6. Evaluate the certainty based on the observed offspring.

    If the brown-eyed parent was EeEe, there is a 12\frac{1}{2} probability for each offspring to be brown-eyed. The probability of having 3 brown-eyed offspring in a row from an Ee×eeEe \times ee cross is (12)3=18(\frac{1}{2})^3 = \frac{1}{8}. This is a low probability, but it is not impossible.

  7. Conclude who is right.

    Since there is still a chance (1 in 8) that an EeEe parent could produce 3 brown-eyed offspring, observing only 3 brown-eyed offspring does not conclusively prove that the brown-eyed parent is EEEE. More offspring would be needed to increase certainty.

    Therefore, the daughter\boxed{\text{daughter}} was right.

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