Identify the meiotic phases in diagrams W, X, Y, and Z, and determine the correct option based on these identifications. Also, identify the bond between DNA bases, the organelle forming spindle fibers

• Diagram W: Homologous chromosomes are paired and aligned at the metaphase plate. This is Metaphase I.
• Diagram X: Homologous chromosomes are separating and moving to opposite poles. Each chromosome still consists of two chromatids. This is Anaphase I.
• Diagram Y: Sister chromatids are separating and moving to opposite poles in two separate cells. This is Anaphase II.
• Diagram Z: Chromosomes (each with two chromatids) have reached opposite poles, and the cell is undergoing cytokinesis to form two daughter cells. This is Telophase I.

• A: W - Anaphase I (Incorrect, W is Metaphase I)
• B: X - Metaphase II (Incorrect, X is Anaphase I)
• C: Y - Prophase II (Incorrect, Y is Anaphase II)
• D: Z - Telophase I (Correct, Z is Telophase I)

The correct option is D.

Question 1.2.1

The type of bond found between nitrogenous bases of a DNA molecule is a hydrogen bond.

Question 1.2.2

The organelle in the cell that forms spindle fibres during meiosis is the centriole (part of the centrosome).

Question 1.2.3

An extra embryonic membrane of the amniotic egg that is responsible for gaseous exchange and waste storage is the allantois.