Explain how plants reproduce without seeds and provide examples of vegetative propagation.

Here are the answers to your questions:

1. Plants reproduce without seeds through various asexual methods, including vegetative propagation (using parts like stems, roots, or leaves), spore formation (in non-flowering plants like ferns and mosses), and fragmentation.
2. Vegetative propagation occurs in nature when new plants grow from specialized vegetative parts of the parent plant. Examples include new plants growing from runners (like strawberries), rhizomes (like ginger), tubers (like potatoes), bulbs (like onions), or adventitious buds on leaves (like Bryophyllum).