Describe the structure and function of an intestinal villus, including its adaptations for absorption.

Here are the answers to your questions:

2.1.1 The structure in the diagram is an intestinal villus.

2.1.2

*a) A: Epithelial cells

*b) B: Capillary network

*c) E: Goblet cell

2.1.3 The structure mentioned in QUESTION 2.1.1 is found in the small intestine.

2.1.4 The main function of the structure shown in the diagram is the absorption of digested nutrients.

2.1.5 One substance found in higher concentration in C than in D is glucose.

2.1.6 Three structural suitabilities of the diagram for its function are:

• The villus has a large surface area due to its folded structure, which increases the rate of absorption of nutrients.
• The wall of the villus is one cell thick, providing a short diffusion distance for nutrients to pass into the bloodstream.
• The villus contains a rich blood supply (capillary network), which maintains a steep concentration gradient for efficient absorption and transport of nutrients away from the intestine.