Study the diagram of the organism shown below then answer the questions that follow. a) (i) Name the part labeled R on the diagram. (ii) State the function of part S. (iii) Identify the kingdom to whi

Here are the solutions to the biology questions.

13. Study the diagram of the organism shown below then answer the questions that follow.
The diagram shows a moss plant (Bryophyte) with a sporophyte (seta and capsule) growing from a gametophyte.

• a) (i) Name the part labeled R on the diagram.

  • R is the capsule (sporangium).

• a) (ii) State the function of part S.

  • S is the seta. Its function is to support the capsule and transport nutrients to it.

• a) (iii) Identify the kingdom to which the organism belongs.

  • The organism belongs to Kingdom Plantae.

• a) (iv) Give a reason for your answer in (a) (iii) above.

  • Reason: It is a multicellular, eukaryotic organism that photosynthesizes (produces its own food) and has cell walls made of cellulose.

• a) (v) State the asexual mode of reproduction of the organism shown in the diagram.

  • The asexual mode of reproduction shown is spore formation (from the capsule).

• a) (vi) Identify two other asexual modes of reproduction among lower organisms.

  • Other asexual modes include budding and fragmentation.

• a) (vii) Name the structure in which male gametes are produced in division Bryophyta.

  • Male gametes (antherozoids) are produced in the antheridium.

14. Name the division of the Kingdom Plantae with the following spore producing bodies.

• i) Sori

  • Pteridophyta (ferns)

• ii) Capsule

  • Bryophyta (mosses and liverworts)

15. Below is a diagram of a plant a form three student collected while carrying out an ecological study.
The diagram shows a plant with adventitious roots, a stem, and leaves, resembling a fern.

• a) With reasons identify the division into which the students classified the plant.

  • Division: Pteridophyta.
  • Reasons: It has adventitious roots, true stems and leaves, and reproduces by spores (implied by the context of the question and the general appearance of a fern-like plant).

• b) (i) Name the structure that produces spores in this plant.

  • Spores are produced in sporangia, which are often clustered into sori on the underside of fronds.

• b) (ii) State two differences between the plant division above and that of the division Spermatophyta.

  • 1. Pteridophyta reproduce by spores, while Spermatophyta reproduce by seeds.
  • 2. Pteridophyta lack flowers and fruits, while Spermatophyta produce flowers and fruits.

• c) Give two distinguishing features of class Amphibia.

  • 1. They have moist, glandular skin without scales.
  • 2. They undergo metamorphosis from an aquatic larval stage to a terrestrial adult stage.

16. In a tabulated form, distinguish between class gymnospermae and angiospermae.

$$\begin{array}{|l|l|l|} \hline \textbf{Feature} & \textbf{Gymnospermae} & \textbf{Angiospermae} \\ \hline \text{Seeds} & \text{Naked (not enclosed in an ovary)} & \text{Enclosed within a fruit} \\ \text{Flowers} & \text{Absent (have cones instead)} & \text{Present} \\ \text{Reproductive structures} & \text{Cones} & \text{Flowers} \\ \text{Pollination} & \text{Mainly wind pollination} & \text{Wind, insects, animals} \\ \hline \end{array}$$

17. Study the diagram of the organism shown below then answer the questions that follow.
The diagram shows a bee.

• a) State the phylum to which the organism belongs.

  • Phylum: Arthropoda.

• b) With reasons state the class to which the organism belongs.

  • Class: Insecta.
  • Reasons: It has three body parts (head, thorax, abdomen), three pairs of legs, and one or two pairs of wings.

• c) Name two human diseases of which the organism is a vector.

  • The bee is generally not a vector for human diseases. This question might be misdirected or referring to a different organism if it implies disease transmission. If it's strictly about bees, they are primarily pollinators.

• d) What type of metamorphosis does the organism show?

  • Complete metamorphosis (egg, larva, pupa, adult).

18. A student observing a drop of water under the power objective lens of a microscope observed an organism and drew the following organism.
The diagram shows an Amoeba.

• a) Suggest the kingdom to which the organism belongs.

  • Kingdom: Protista.

• b) Identify the organism.

  • Organism: Amoeba.

• c) Give an example of a disease caused by the organism.

  • Disease: Amoebic dysentery (caused by Entamoeba histolytica, a type of amoeba).

19. Study the diagram below and answer the questions that follow.
The diagram shows a kidney bean seed.

• Name the parts labeled A and B.
  • A: Plumule
  • B: Radicle

20. (i) State one characteristic shared by the class Reptilia and class Aves. * Both are vertebrates (have a backbone). * Both lay amniotic eggs. * Both have internal fertilization.

• (ii) Some students collected a living specimen for use in the laboratory. It had the following characteristics:
  • -Two pairs of legs per segment
  • -Elongated body
  • -Body has between 9-100 segments
  • -Three body parts
  • Which class does the above animal belong?
  • The description "Two pairs of legs per segment" is characteristic of Diplopoda (millipedes). The "three body parts" contradicts this, as millipedes have a head and a segmented trunk. Assuming "Two pairs of legs per segment" is the key distinguishing feature, the class is Diplopoda. If "Three body parts" is emphasized, it would point to Insecta, but insects have one pair of legs per thoracic segment. Given the "two pairs of legs per segment" and "elongated body with many segments", Diplopoda is the most fitting.