What are the characteristics of Down's syndrome and how is complementary DNA and mRNA synthesized from a given DNA strand?

Step 1: Answer question 17(a). Down's syndrome is a genetic condition caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21. a) Characteristics of an individual with Down's syndrome include: • Intellectual disability (ranging from mild to moderate). • Distinctive facial features such as a flattened facial profile, upward slanting eyes, and a small nose. • Short stature and a short neck. • Poor muscle tone (hypotonia). • A single deep crease across the palm of the hand. Step 2: Answer question 17(b). The given DNA strand sequence is G-C-C-T-A-G-A-T-C-A-C. b) (i) The complimentary DNA strand. In DNA, Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T), and Guanine (G) pairs with Cytosine (C). Given strand: G-C-C-T-A-G-A-T-C-A-C Complementary DNA strand: C-G-G-A-T-C-T-A-G-T-G The complimentary DNA strand is: C-G-G-A-T-C-T-A-G-T-G b) (ii) The M-RNA strand copied from this DNA portion. During transcription, DNA is used as a template to synthesize mRNA. In RNA, Uracil (U) replaces Thymine (T). So, A pairs with U, and G pairs with C. Given DNA template strand: G-C-C-T-A-G-A-T-C-A-C mRNA strand: C-G-G-A-U-C-U-A-G-U-G The M-RNA strand is: C-G-G-A-U-C-U-A-G-U-G Step 3: Answer question 18. Phenotypic characteristics selected for modern agricultural purposes aim to improve productivity, resilience, and quality. 18. Phenotypic characteristics selected for modern agricultural purposes include: • High yield (increased production of crops or livestock products). • Disease resistance (ability to withstand common plant or animal diseases). • Pest resistance (resistance to insect pests). • Drought resistance or tolerance to other adverse environmental conditions (e.g., salinity). • Faster growth rate or shorter maturity period. • Improved nutritional content (e.g., higher protein, vitamin, or mineral levels). Last free one today — make it count tomorrow, or type /upgrade for unlimited.