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Calculate the transpiration rate for windy conditions. Show your working and record your answers in Table 3.1. Use the formula given.

Biology

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Part b· 3 steps

  1. Identify the start volume, end volume, and time for windy conditions from Table 3.1.

    Start volume (at time 0 minutes) = 0.0 cm30.0 \text{ cm}^3
    End volume (at time 30 minutes) = 5.2 cm35.2 \text{ cm}^3
    Time = 30 minutes30 \text{ minutes}

  2. Apply the given formula to calculate the transpiration rate.

    Transpiration rate=end volume−start volumetime\text{Transpiration rate} = \frac{\text{end volume} - \text{start volume}}{\text{time}} Transpiration rate=5.2 cm3−0.0 cm330 min\text{Transpiration rate} = \frac{5.2 \text{ cm}^3 - 0.0 \text{ cm}^3}{30 \text{ min}} Transpiration rate=5.230 cm3/min\text{Transpiration rate} = \frac{5.2}{30} \text{ cm}^3/\text{min} Transpiration rate≈0.1733 cm3/min\text{Transpiration rate} \approx 0.1733 \text{ cm}^3/\text{min}

  3. Round the transpiration rate to an appropriate number of decimal places (e.g., two decimal places, or one if following the example of 0.1 for normal conditions).

    Let's use two decimal places for precision.

    Transpiration rate≈0.17 cm3/min\text{Transpiration rate} \approx 0.17 \text{ cm}^3/\text{min}

    The completed Table 3.1 with the calculated value is:

    time /minutes051015202530transpiration rate in cm3^3/minutes
    volume of water/cm3^3 with normal laboratory conditions0.00.51.01.52.02.53.00.1
    volume of water/cm3^3 with windy conditions0.01.02.12.73.23.65.20.17

Part c

(i) Petroleum jelly is applied around the rubber bung to create an airtight seal. This prevents any air from entering or water from leaking out of the apparatus, ensuring that the movement of the air bubble is solely due to water uptake by the plant during transpiration.

(ii) The function of the reservoir is to reset the air bubble to the starting point in the capillary tube. By opening the tap on the reservoir, water flows into the capillary tube, pushing the air bubble back, allowing for repeated measurements of transpiration.

d) Wind increases the rate of transpiration. Wind blows away the layer of humid air (water vapor) that accumulates around the stomata of the leaves. This reduces the humidity around the leaf, thereby increasing the water potential gradient between the leaf and the surrounding air, which in turn increases the rate of diffusion of water vapor out of the leaf.

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