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Understand the relationship between chromosome numbers in different cell types.

Biology

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  1. Understand the relationship between chromosome numbers in different cell types.

    • The "Sex chromosomes" column is interpreted as the haploid number (nn), which is the number of chromosomes found in gametes (sex cells).
    • The "Skin" and "Cardiac muscle" columns represent somatic cells, which are diploid (2n2n), meaning they contain two sets of chromosomes.
    • The relationship is 2n=2×n2n = 2 \times n.
  2. Fill in the table for each organism.

    • Man:

      • Humans have a diploid number (2n2n) of 46 chromosomes in somatic cells and a haploid number (nn) of 23 chromosomes in gametes.
      • The given value for "Cardiac muscle" for Man is 3. This is biologically incorrect for the total number of chromosomes in a human cardiac muscle cell, which should be 46. Assuming this is an error in the question, we will use the correct biological value.
      • Sex chromosomes (nn): 23
      • Skin (2n2n): 46
      • Cardiac muscle (2n2n): 46 (using the correct biological value)
    • Mouse:

      • Given: Sex chromosomes (nn) = 20.
      • Diploid number (2n2n) = 2×20=402 \times 20 = 40.
      • Skin (2n2n): 40
      • Cardiac muscle (2n2n): 40
    • Rhesus monkey:

      • Given: Skin (2n2n) = 42.
      • Haploid number (nn) = 42/2=2142 / 2 = 21.
      • Sex chromosomes (nn): 21
      • Cardiac muscle (2n2n): 42
  3. Complete the table with the calculated values.

    OrganismsSex chromosomesSkinCardiac musclesMan234646Mouse204040Rhesus monkey214242\begin{array}{|l|c|c|c|} \hline \text{Organisms} & \text{Sex chromosomes} & \text{Skin} & \text{Cardiac muscles} \\ \hline \text{Man} & 23 & 46 & 46 \\ \hline \text{Mouse} & 20 & 40 & 40 \\ \hline \text{Rhesus monkey} & 21 & 42 & 42 \\ \hline \end{array}
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