This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.
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Here are the solutions to your questions. Question 1: a) Define the following terms as used in science: i) Atom: The atom* is the smallest unit of an element that retains the chemical identity of that element. It consists of a nucleus (protons and neutrons) surrounded by electrons. ii) Element: An element* is a pure substance consisting only of atoms that all have the same number of protons in their atomic nuclei. It cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means. iii) Compound: A compound* is a substance formed when two or more different chemical elements are chemically bonded together in a fixed ratio. Water (H_2O) is an example of a compound. iv) Molecule: A molecule* is a group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds. These atoms can be of the same element (e.g., O_2) or different elements (e.g., CO_2). b) Explain the relationship between atom, element, molecule using an example. An atom is the fundamental building block of matter. An element is a pure substance made up of only one type of atom. For example, all atoms in a sample of pure oxygen are oxygen atoms, making oxygen an element. When two or more atoms chemically bond, they form a molecule. If two oxygen atoms bond, they form an oxygen molecule (O_2), which is still considered an element. If two hydrogen atoms bond with one oxygen atom, they form a water molecule (H_2O), which is a compound. Question 2: Write down the names of the following common elements: 1) Fe: Iron* 2) Au: Gold* 3) Na: Sodium* 4) O: Oxygen* 5) Cl: Chlorine* 6) K: Potassium* Question 3: Write a word equation for the formation of water. Hydrogen + Oxygen → Water Question 4: State the application of gold, aluminium and oxygen in the society. Gold: Used in jewelry, currency, and electronics* due to its conductivity and resistance to corrosion. Aluminium: Used in aircraft construction, beverage cans, and window frames* because it is lightweight, strong, and corrosion-resistant. Oxygen: Essential for respiration in living organisms, used in combustion processes, and for medical support* in hospitals. Question 5: Explain 5 reasons for labelling substances in the society. 1. Safety Information: Labels provide crucial warnings about potential hazards (e.g., flammable, corrosive, toxic) to prevent accidents and ensure safe handling. 2. Ingredient Disclosure: They list the components of a substance, which is vital for consumers with allergies, dietary restrictions, or those needing to understand product composition. 3. Usage Instructions: Labels guide users on how to properly use, store, or dispose of a product, ensuring effectiveness and preventing misuse. 4. Identification and Branding: Labels help identify the product, its manufacturer, and brand, distinguishing it from similar items and building consumer trust. 5. Legal and Regulatory Compliance: Many substances require specific labeling by law to meet health, safety, and environmental regulations, ensuring accountability and consumer protection. Last free one today — make it count tomorrow, or type /upgrade for unlimited.