Step 1: Write the balanced chemical equation and the equilibrium constant expression (Kc).
The reaction is:
CO(g)+Cl2(g)⇌COCl2(g)
The equilibrium constant expression in terms of concentrations is:
Kc=[CO][Cl2][COCl2]
Step 2: Substitute the given equilibrium concentrations into the Kc expression and calculate Kc.
Given concentrations:
[CO]=0.623 M
[Cl2]=0.068 M
[COCl2]=0.25 M
Kc=(0.623M)(0.068M)0.25M
Kc=0.0423640.25
Kc≈5.899
The units for Kc are M⋅MM=M−1 or L/mol.
Kc=5.90 L/mol
Step 3: Calculate the change in the number of moles of gas (Δn).
Δn=(molesofgaseousproducts)−(molesofgaseousreactants)
From the balanced equation:
Moles of gaseous products = 1 (for COCl2)
Moles of gaseous reactants = 1 (for CO) + 1 (for Cl2) = 2
Δn=1−2=−1
Step 4: Convert the temperature to Kelvin.
Given temperature T=75∘C.
T(K)=75+273.15=348.15 K
Step 5: Calculate Kp using the relationship Kp=Kc(RT)Δn.
Given R=0.0821atmK−1mol−1.
Kp=Kc(RT)Δn
Kp=(5.899L/mol)((0.0821atmK−1mol−1)(348.15K))−1
Kp=(5.899L/mol)(28.580315atmLmol−1)−1
Kp=(5.899L/mol)(28.580315atmLmol−11)
Kp=(5.899L/mol)(0.034989atm−1L−1mol)
Kp≈0.2064atm−1
K_p = 0.206 \text{ atm^{-1}}