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Write the balanced chemical equation and the equilibrium constant expression (K_c).

Chemistry

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Answer

Kc=5.90 L/molK_c = 5.90 \text{ L/mol}

Kp=0.206 atm−1K_p = 0.206 \text{ atm}^{-1}

Step-by-step solution

5 steps
  1. Write the balanced chemical equation and the equilibrium constant expression (KcK_c).

    The reaction is:

    CO(g)+Cl2(g)⇌COCl2(g)\text{CO}(\text{g}) + \text{Cl}_2(\text{g}) \rightleftharpoons \text{COCl}_2(\text{g})

    The equilibrium constant expression in terms of concentrations is:

    Kc=[COCl2][CO][Cl2]K_c = \frac{[\text{COCl}_2]}{[\text{CO}][\text{Cl}_2]}
  2. Substitute the given equilibrium concentrations into the KcK_c expression and calculate KcK_c.

    Given concentrations:
    [CO]=0.623 M[\text{CO}] = 0.623 \text{ M}
    [Cl2]=0.068 M[\text{Cl}_2] = 0.068 \text{ M}
    [COCl2]=0.25 M[\text{COCl}_2] = 0.25 \text{ M}

    Kc=0.25 M(0.623 M)(0.068 M)K_c = \frac{0.25 \text{ M}}{(0.623 \text{ M})(0.068 \text{ M})} Kc=0.250.042364K_c = \frac{0.25}{0.042364} Kc≈5.899K_c \approx 5.899

    The units for KcK_c are MM⋅M=M−1\frac{\text{M}}{\text{M} \cdot \text{M}} = \text{M}^{-1} or L/mol\text{L/mol}.

    Kc=5.90 L/molK_c = \boxed{5.90 \text{ L/mol}}
  3. Calculate the change in the number of moles of gas (Δn\Delta n).

    Δn=(moles of gaseous products)−(moles of gaseous reactants)\Delta n = (\text{moles of gaseous products}) - (\text{moles of gaseous reactants})
    From the balanced equation:
    Moles of gaseous products = 1 (for COCl2\text{COCl}_2)
    Moles of gaseous reactants = 1 (for CO\text{CO}) + 1 (for Cl2\text{Cl}_2) = 2

    Δn=1−2=−1\Delta n = 1 - 2 = -1
  4. Convert the temperature to Kelvin.

    Given temperature T=75∘CT = 75^\circ\text{C}.

    T(K)=75+273.15=348.15 KT(\text{K}) = 75 + 273.15 = 348.15 \text{ K}
  5. Calculate KpK_p using the relationship Kp=Kc(RT)ΔnK_p = K_c(RT)^{\Delta n}.

    Given R=0.0821 atm K−1 mol−1R = 0.0821 \text{ atm K}^{-1} \text{ mol}^{-1}.

    Kp=Kc(RT)ΔnK_p = K_c(RT)^{\Delta n} Kp=(5.899 L/mol)((0.0821 atm K−1 mol−1)(348.15 K))−1K_p = (5.899 \text{ L/mol}) \left( (0.0821 \text{ atm K}^{-1} \text{ mol}^{-1})(348.15 \text{ K}) \right)^{-1} Kp=(5.899 L/mol)(28.580315 atm L mol−1)−1K_p = (5.899 \text{ L/mol}) \left( 28.580315 \text{ atm L mol}^{-1} \right)^{-1} Kp=(5.899 L/mol)(128.580315 atm L mol−1)K_p = (5.899 \text{ L/mol}) \left( \frac{1}{28.580315 \text{ atm L mol}^{-1}} \right) Kp=(5.899 L/mol)(0.034989 atm−1 L−1 mol)K_p = (5.899 \text{ L/mol}) (0.034989 \text{ atm}^{-1} \text{ L}^{-1} \text{ mol}) Kp≈0.2064 atm−1K_p \approx 0.2064 \text{ atm}^{-1} Kp=0.206 atm−1K_p = \boxed{0.206 \text{ atm}^{-1}}
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