State the chemical formula for each compound.
This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.
ScanSolve AI Answer
Step 1: State the chemical formula for each compound.
a)* Nitrogen gas: Nitrogen exists as a diatomic molecule.
$$\boxed{\text{N}_2}$$
b)* Carbon (IV) oxide: Carbon with an oxidation state of +4, bonded to oxygen. This is commonly known as carbon dioxide.
$$\boxed{\text{CO}_2}$$
c)* Ammonia: A common inorganic compound of nitrogen and hydrogen.
$$\boxed{\text{NH}_3}$$
Step 2: Name the following organic compounds.
i)* $\text{CH}_3\text{C}(=\text{O})\text{OCH}_2\text{CH}_3$
This is an ester. The acid part is derived from ethanoic acid (2 carbons), and the alcohol part is derived from ethanol (2 carbons).
$$\boxed{\text{Ethyl ethanoate}}$$
ii)* $\text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{C}(=\text{O})\text{OCH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_3$
This is an ester. The acid part is derived from propanoic acid (3 carbons), and the alcohol part is derived from propanol (3 carbons).
$$\boxed{\text{Propyl propanoate}}$$
iii)* $\text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{OH}$
This is a primary alcohol with a 4-carbon chain and the hydroxyl group on the first carbon.
$$\boxed{\text{Butan-1-ol}}$$
Step 3: Draw the structural isomers of $\text{C}_5\text{H}_{10}$.
The formula $\text{C}_5\text{H}_{10}$ indicates that the compounds are either alkenes (containing one double bond) or cycloalkanes.
Alkenes:
1. Pent-1-ene
$$\text{CH}_2=\text{CH}-\text{CH}_2-\text{CH}_2-\text{CH}_3$$
2. Pent-2-ene (cis and trans isomers exist, but only the structural isomer is shown)
$$\text{CH}_3-\text{CH}=\text{CH}-\text{CH}_2-\text{CH}_3$$
3. 2-Methylbut-1-ene
$$\text{CH}_2=\text{C}(\text{CH}_3)-\text{CH}_2-\text{CH}_3$$
4. 3-Methylbut-1-ene
$$\text{CH}_2=\text{CH}-\text{CH}(\text{CH}_3)-\text{CH}_3$$
5. 2-Methylbut-2-ene
$$\text{CH}_3-\text{C}(\text{CH}_3)=\text{CH}-\text{CH}_3$$
Cycloalkanes:
6. Cyclopentane
$$\begin{smallmatrix} \text{CH}_2-\text{CH}_2 \\ | \quad \quad | \\ \text{CH}_2 \quad \text{CH}_2 \\ \quad \backslash / \\ \quad \text{CH}_2 \end{smallmatrix}$$
7. Methylcyclobutane
$$\begin{smallmatrix} \text{CH}(\text{CH}_3)-\text{CH}_2 \\ | \quad \quad \quad | \\ \text{CH}_2 \quad \quad \text{CH}_2 \end{smallmatrix}$$
8. 1,1-Dimethylcyclopropane
$$\begin{smallmatrix} \quad \text{CH}_2 \\ \quad / \quad \backslash \\ \text{C}(\text{CH}_3)_2-\text{CH}_2 \end{smallmatrix}$$
9. 1,2-Dimethylcyclopropane (cis and trans isomers exist, but only the structural isomer is shown)
$$\begin{smallmatrix} \quad \text{CH}(\text{CH}_3) \\ \quad / \quad \quad \backslash \\ \text{CH}(\text{CH}_3)-\text{CH}_2 \end{smallmatrix}$$
10. Ethylcyclopropane
$$\begin{smallmatrix} \quad \text{CH}_2 \\ \quad / \quad \backslash \\ \text{CH}(\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_3)-\text{CH}_2 \end{smallmatrix}$$
