Differentiate between constitutional isomerism and stereoisomerism. Using examples, explain why cis alkenes are less stable than trans alkenes.

Here are the solutions to Question Three and Question Four:

QUESTION THREE (20 MARKS)

f) Differentiate between constitutional isomerism and stereoisomerism. (2 marks)

• Constitutional isomers (or structural isomers) are compounds that have the same molecular formula but differ in the connectivity or order in which their atoms are bonded.
• Stereoisomers are compounds that have the same molecular formula and the same connectivity of atoms, but differ in the spatial arrangement of their atoms.

g) Using examples, explain why cis alkenes are less stable than trans alkenes. (4 marks)

• Explanation: Cis alkenes are generally less stable than their trans counterparts due to *