This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.
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Welcome back Candice — missed you this week. Here are the solutions to the questions: 3.1 Consider reaction 1: 3.1.1 X is the major product formed. Draw the structural formula of X. Reaction 1 is a nucleophilic substitution reaction where the bromine atom in 2-bromobutane is replaced by a hydroxyl group from dilute NaOH, forming butan-2-ol. & H H H H \\ & | | | | \\ H & - C - C - C - C - H \\ & | | | | \\ & H OH H H 3.1.2 Name the type of reaction. Nucleophilic substitution 3.2 Consider reaction 2: 3.2.1 Draw the structural formula of the major product, Y. Reaction 2 is an elimination reaction (dehydrohalogenation) using concentrated NaOH in hot ethanol. The bromine atom and a hydrogen atom from an adjacent carbon are removed to form an alkene. According to Zaitsev's rule, the major product is the more substituted alkene, which is but-2-ene. & H H H H \\ & | | | | \\ H & - C - C = C - C - H \\ & | | \\ & H H 3.2.2 Name the type of reaction. Elimination 3.3 Consider reaction 3: 3.3.1 Name the type of elimination reaction. Cracking 3.3.2 Give the condensed formula of product Z. The reactant is hexane (C_6H_14). The products are ethene (C_2H_4) and ethane (C_2H_6). To find Z, we subtract the atoms of ethene and ethane from hexane: C_6H_14 - (C_2H_4 + C_2H_6) = C_6H_14 - C_4H_10 = C_2H_4. The condensed formula for C_2H_4 is CH_2=CH_2. CH_2=CH_2 3.4 Compound Z is a monomer of a polymer used to make plastic bags: 3.4.1 Write down the NAME and CONDENSED STRUCTURAL FORMULA of this polymer. Compound Z is ethene. The polymer formed from ethene is poly(ethene) or polyethylene. Name: Poly(ethene) (or Polyethylene) Condensed structural formula: -(CH_2-CH_2)_n- 3.4.2 Describe the type of polymerisation that forms the polymer in QUESTION 3.4.1. Addition polymerisation Drop the next question! 📸