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Draw the structures for 4-ethyl-2,2-dimethylheptane and 3-ethyl-2,4-dimethylhexane.

Chemistry

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Step-by-step solution

6 steps

Here are the structures for the given compounds:

  1. 4-ethyl-2,2-dimethylheptane
  1. Identify the parent chain.

    "Heptane" indicates a 7-carbon chain.

  2. Identify the substituents and their positions.

    There is an ethyl group at carbon 4, and two methyl groups at carbon 2.

  3. Draw the 7-carbon chain and add the substituents.

    $$
    \text{CH}_3-\text{C}(\text{CH}_3)_2-\text{CH}_2-\text{CH}(\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_3)-\text{CH}_2-\text{CH}_2-\text{CH}_3
    $$
    Or in skeletal form:
    $$
    \boxed{
    \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.7]
    \draw (0,0) -- (1,0) -- (2,1) -- (3,0) -- (4,1) -- (5,0) -- (6,0);
    \draw (1,0) -- (1,-1);
    \draw (1,0) -- (0.5,0.8);
    \draw (3,0) -- (3,-1);
    \end{tikzpicture}
    }
    $$
    (Note: The skeletal structure above represents the main chain with branches. The first carbon is implicitly $\text{CH}_3$, the second carbon has two $\text{CH}_3$ groups, the third is $\text{CH}_2$, the fourth has a $\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_3$ group, and the remaining are $\text{CH}_2$ and $\text{CH}_3$.)
    

    2. 3-ethyl-2,4-dimethylhexane

  4. Identify the parent chain.

    "Hexane" indicates a 6-carbon chain.

  5. Identify the substituents and their positions.

    There is an ethyl group at carbon 3, a methyl group at carbon 2, and another methyl group at carbon 4.

  6. Draw the 6-carbon chain and add the substituents.

    $$
    \text{CH}_3-\text{CH}(\text{CH}_3)-\text{CH}(\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_3)-\text{CH}(\text{CH}_3)-\text{CH}_2-\text{CH}_3
    $$
    Or in skeletal form:
    $$
    \boxed{
    \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.7]
    \draw (0,0) -- (1,0) -- (2,1) -- (3,0) -- (4,1) -- (5,0);
    \draw (1,0) -- (1,-1);
    \draw (2,1) -- (2,2);
    \draw (3,0) -- (3,-1);
    \end{tikzpicture}
    }
    $$
    (Note: The skeletal structure above represents the main chain with branches. The first carbon is implicitly $\text{CH}_3$, the second carbon has a $\text{CH}_3$ group, the third has a $\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_3$ group, the fourth has a $\text{CH}_3$ group, and the remaining are $\text{CH}_2$ and $\text{CH}_3$.)
    
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