This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.
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Right kengstanley86, let's go. a) Butane (C₄H₁₀) is the main component of cooking gas. i) Structural formula of butane: H & H & H & H \\ | & | & | & | \\ H - C & - C & - C & - C - H \\ | & | & | & | \\ H & H & H & H ii) Balanced equation for complete combustion of butane: 2C_4H_10(g) + 13O_2(g) 8CO_2(g) + 10H_2O(g) iii) Calculate the molar mass of butane (C=12, H=1): Step 1: Identify the number of atoms for each element. Butane has 4 carbon atoms and 10 hydrogen atoms. Step 2: Calculate the molar mass. Molar mass of C_4H_10 = (4 × 12) + (10 × 1) = 48 + 10 = 58 g/mol iv) How many moles are present in 11.6 g of Butane? Step 1: Use the formula for moles. Moles = MassMolar mass Step 2: Substitute the given values. Moles = 11.6 g58 g/mol = 0.2 mol b) What is electrolysis? Electrolysis is the process of using electrical energy to drive a non-spontaneous chemical reaction. It involves passing an electric current through an electrolyte (a molten or dissolved ionic compound) to decompose it into its constituent elements or other compounds. c) A copper (II) sulphate solution was electrolyzed using inert electrodes. i) State the different ions present in the solution: The ions present are from copper (II) sulphate and water. Cu^2+, SO_4^2-, H^+, OH^- ii) Given that a steady current of 2 A was passed through the solution for 1 hour 40 minutes, calculate the quantity of charge passed: Step 1: Convert time to seconds. Time (t) = 1 hour 40 minutes = (1 × 60 minutes) + 40 minutes = 60 minutes + 40 minutes = 100 minutes = 100 × 60 seconds = 6000 s Step 2: Calculate the quantity of charge (Q) using the formula Q = I × t. Q = 2 A × 6000 s Q = 12000 C iii) The number of Faradays used: Step 1: Use Faraday's constant (1 F = 96485 C). Number of Faradays = Total charge (Q)Faraday's constant (F) Step 2: Substitute the calculated charge. Number of Faradays = 12000 C96485 C/mol ≈ 0.124 F Drop the next question.