This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.
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7. a) i) The compound is CH_3-CH(CH_3)-CH_3. Name: 2-methylpropane ii) The compound is CH_3-CH_2-C-CH_3. Name: Pent-2-yne b) To distinguish between 2-methylpropane (an alkane) and pent-2-yne (an alkyne): Add bromine water (reddish-brown). • Pent-2-yne (alkyne) will decolorize the bromine water because it is unsaturated and undergoes an addition reaction. • 2-methylpropane (alkane) will not decolorize the bromine water because it is saturated and does not readily undergo addition reactions. 8. a) Gay-Lussac's Law of combining volumes states that when gases react, they do so in volumes that bear a simple whole-number ratio to one another and to the volumes of the gaseous products, provided that all volumes are measured at the same temperature and pressure. b) Step 1: Write the balanced chemical equation for the combustion of carbon (II) oxide. 2CO(g) + O_2(g) → 2CO_2(g) Step 2: Use the mole ratio (volume ratio for gases) from the balanced equation. From the equation, 2 volumes of CO produce 2 volumes of CO_2. Step 3: Calculate the volume of gas formed. Since the ratio is 2:2, 20 cm^3 of CO will produce 20 cm^3 of CO_2. The volume of gas formed is 20 cm^3. 9. a) The products formed when a candle burns in air are carbon dioxide and water. b) i) One observation made in the combustion tube is that the silvery-white magnesium ribbon turns into a white solid. ii) Gas Y is Hydrogen. 3 done, 2 left today. You're making progress.