Particles found within an atom and their charge:

Here's the solution to the questions:

• Particles found within an atom and their charge:

  • Protons: Positive charge (+1)
  • Neutrons: No charge (0)
  • Electrons: Negative charge (-1)

• The atomic structure below was established by learners:

  • The diagram shows an atom with:
    • 2 electrons in the first shell.
    • 8 electrons in the second shell.
    • 2 electrons in the third (outermost) shell.
  • Total number of electrons = $2 + 8 + 2 = 12$ electrons.
  • In a neutral atom, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons (atomic number).
  • Therefore, the atomic number of this atom is 12.
  • The element with atomic number 12 is Magnesium.

The structure represents an atom of: $\boxed{\text{Magnesium}}$