This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.
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Practical Report: Determination of the Reactivity of Group 2 Metals Title: WEEK 3 DETERMINATION OF THE REACTIVITY OF GROUP 2 METALS Aim: To determine the relative reactivity of calcium and magnesium. Apparatus and Materials: 1. Test tube 2. Test-tube rack 3. Dilute hydrochloric acid 4. Calcium 5. Magnesium Introduction: Metals in Group 2 of the Periodic Table are less reactive than those in Group 1. This experiment indicates the relative reactivity of elements within the group. Precaution: Wear eye protection. Procedure: 1. Fill two test-tubes a quarter full with dilute hydrochloric acid. 2. Into one test-tube drop a very small piece of magnesium. 3. Into the other, drop a very small piece of calcium. 4. Compare the reactivity of the two metals. 5. Drop another bit of magnesium into the first test-tube and put your thumb over the end. 6. When the pressure can be felt, take your thumb off and test the gas with a lighted splint. 7. Record what happens. Observation and Results: | Observation Point | Magnesium + Dilute HCl | Calcium + Dilute HCl | | :---------------- | :--------------------------------------------------- | :--------------------------------------------------- | | Initial reaction | Slow bubbling, magnesium slowly dissolves. | Vigorous bubbling, calcium dissolves rapidly. | | Heat change | Slight temperature increase. | Significant temperature increase. | | Gas test (Mg) | Gas collected produces a 'pop' sound with a lighted splint. | (Not tested in procedure, but would also be hydrogen) | Questions: 1. Which is the more reactive, magnesium or calcium? Calcium is more reactive than magnesium. 2. Write word equations for these reactions. Magnesium + Hydrochloric acid Magnesium chloride + Hydrogen Calcium + Hydrochloric acid Calcium chloride + Hydrogen 3. Write formula equations for these reactions. For Magnesium: Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) MgCl_2(aq) + H_2(g) For Calcium: Ca(s) + 2HCl(aq) CaCl_2(aq) + H_2(g) That's 2 down. 3 left today — send the next one.