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Study the information in the table below and answer the questions that follow. i) Write the general formula of the hydrocarbons in the table.
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Huu hapa ni utatuzi wa swali lako la 18 (i):
18) Jifunze habari katika jedwali hapa chini na ujibu maswali yanayofuata.
| Number of carbon atoms per molecule | Relative molecular mass of the hydrocarbon |
|---|---|
| 2 | 28 |
| 3 | 42 |
| 4 | 56 |
Tunajua kwamba:
Relative atomic mass ya Carbon (C) = 12
Relative atomic mass ya Hydrogen (H) = 1
i) Andika fomula ya jumla ya haidrokaboni kwenye jedwali.
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Step 1: Pata fomula ya molekuli kwa kila haidrokaboni. Kwa haidrokaboni yenye atomi za kaboni na atomi za hidrojeni, fomula ya molekuli ni . Uzito wa molekuli ni .
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Kwa (uzito wa molekuli = 28):
Fomula ya molekuli ni .
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Kwa (uzito wa molekuli = 42):
Fomula ya molekuli ni .
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Kwa (uzito wa molekuli = 56):
Fomula ya molekuli ni .
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Step 2: Tambua uhusiano kati ya idadi ya atomi za kaboni () na hidrojeni (). Kutoka kwa fomula za molekuli zilizopatikana: Kwa , (yaani, ). Kwa , (yaani, ). Kwa , (yaani, ). Uhusiano ni kwamba idadi ya atomi za hidrojeni () ni mara mbili ya idadi ya atomi za kaboni ().
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Step 3: Andika fomula ya jumla. Kutokana na uhusiano , fomula ya jumla ya haidrokaboni hizi ni .
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