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The diagram shows some reactions of butanoic acid. A, B, C and D are different substances. Identify by name A, B, C and D. Name and draw the displayed structure of E.

Chemistry

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Here's the solution to question B8.

Part a· 2 steps

Butanoic acid reacts with sodium and sodium carbonate.

  1. Identify products from reaction with sodium.

    Butanoic acid reacts with sodium to produce hydrogen gas (Gas A) and sodium butanoate (Salt B).

    • A: Hydrogen
    • B: Sodium butanoate

  2. Identify products from reaction with sodium carbonate.

    Butanoic acid reacts with sodium carbonate to produce carbon dioxide gas (Gas C), water (Liquid D), and sodium butanoate (Salt B).

    • C: Carbon dioxide
    • D: Water

Part b· 2 steps

Butanoic acid reacts with methanol in the presence of heat to form an ester (organic liquid E) and water (Liquid D). This is an esterification reaction.

  1. Name the organic liquid E.

    The reaction of butanoic acid with methanol produces methyl butanoate.
    Name: Methyl butanoate

  2. Draw the displayed structure of E.

    Methyl butanoate has the formula CH3CH2CH2COOCH3\text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{COOCH}_3.

    HHHOH∣∣∣∣∣∣H−C−C−C−C−O−C−H∣∣∣∣HHHH\begin{array}{ccccccc} \text{H} & \text{H} & \text{H} & \text{O} & & \text{H} \\ | & | & | & || & & | \\ \text{H} - \text{C} & - \text{C} & - \text{C} & - \text{C} & - \text{O} & - \text{C} & - \text{H} \\ | & | & | & & | \\ \text{H} & \text{H} & \text{H} & & \text{H} \end{array}
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