This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.
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Another one FUture — let's solve it. 8. a) • V (pH 8.2): Alkaline • W (pH 7.0): Neutral • X (pH 2.0): Acidic • Y (pH 11.2): Alkaline • Z (pH 5.6): Acidic b) • V: The ions that determine the pH of fertilizer solution V (alkaline) are hydroxide ions (OH^-). • X: The ions that determine the pH of fertilizer solution X (acidic) are hydrogen ions (H^+) or hydronium ions (H_3O^+). c) Solution X (pH 2.0) is a stronger acid than solution Z (pH 5.6). When sodium carbonate (Na_2CO_3) is added to an acid, it reacts to produce carbon dioxide gas, which is observed as effervescence. Since solution X has a higher concentration of hydrogen ions (H^+) due to its lower pH, it reacts more vigorously with sodium carbonate, liberating more carbon dioxide gas and thus producing more effervescence compared to solution Z. The equation for the reaction is: Na_2CO_3(s) + 2H^+(aq) 2Na^+(aq) + H_2O(l) + CO_2(g) 9. a) i) Elements A, E, and C are all metals. Reason: They are located in Group II of the periodic table (Alkaline Earth Metals). Elements in Group II have two valence electrons which they readily lose to form positive ions, exhibiting characteristic metallic properties such as being good conductors of heat and electricity, malleable, and ductile. ii) Elements D and F are called halogens. Trend in reactivity: The reactivity of halogens decreases down the group. Therefore, element D (Chlorine) is more reactive than element F (Bromine). b) i) Element E (Calcium): Reacts with cold water. ii) Element C (Magnesium): Reacts with steam (or hot water, but steam is required for a vigorous reaction). c) One use of an element in the same category as D and F (halogens) is chlorine for water purification. Chlorine is added to public water supplies to kill harmful bacteria and other microorganisms, making the water safe for drinking. This demonstrates the importance of chemistry in ensuring public health and safety. Send me the next one 📸