The following are ways of ensuring crystal formation from a solution except:

Here are the solutions to the questions:

17. The following are ways of ensuring crystal formation from a solution except _____
A. Oven Drying
Oven drying is primarily used to remove residual solvent from already formed crystals or to evaporate a solvent to dryness, not to initiate or ensure crystal formation from a solution. Seeding, cooling, and scratching the container walls are all methods used to promote the nucleation and growth of crystals.

18. Distillation can be used to separate _____
B. a liquid from a solution
Distillation is a process that separates components of a liquid mixture based on differences in their boiling points. This can involve separating a volatile liquid solvent from a non-volatile solid solute (e.g., water from saltwater) or separating two or more liquids with different boiling points (e.g., ethanol from water). Option B is the most general and accurate description.

19. The four main steps in using a fire extinguisher are _____
C. Pull, Aim, Squeeze, & Sweep
This sequence is commonly known by the acronym P.A.S.S.:

• Pull the pin.
• Aim the nozzle at the base of the fire.
• Squeeze the handle.
• Sweep the nozzle from side to side.

20. The principal glassware used in the liquid-liquid extraction is _____
D. Separatory funnel
A separatory funnel is specifically designed for liquid-liquid extraction. It allows two immiscible liquid phases to be thoroughly mixed and then cleanly separated by draining the lower layer through a stopcock.