2026 advance level biology paper 2 Seed bearing plants are known to be the most successful group of plants. State the general characteristic of seed bearing plants. How arc seed bearing plants adapted to life on land? Describe the process of fertilization in a named flowering plant. 1 (5, 8, 7 marks) (Total = 20 marks) Using specific examples explain the following forms of nutrition. Mutualism. Saprophytic nutrition. Describe how the alimentary’ canal of a named herbivore is adapted to its diet. What are the functions of the stomach in mammals? What is tissue respiration? ( ii) Describe how anaerobes break down glucose in cells. Differentiate between aerobic and anaerobic respiration. What is the fate of the energy produced from respiration? State the components of an ecosystem?^. Describe the ecological relationships that exist between the living components in a named ecosystem. 1 low are ecosystems essential for man’s survival? Compare a food chain and a food web. What is accommodation with respect to vision? Describe how mammals regulate the amount of light entering the eye. How color blindness brought about in man? Differentiate between rods and cones. Distinguish between the following terms: Allometric and isometric growth Growth and development. Differentiate between growth in flowering plants and growth in mammals. Outline the role of auxins in the development of plants.

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1. Seed bearing plants

  • General characteristics of seed bearing plants: Seed-bearing plants, also known as spermatophytes, are characterized by their ability to reproduce using seeds, which protect and nourish the embryo. They possess true roots, stems, and leaves, and have a well-developed vascular system (xylem and phloem) for efficient transport of water and nutrients. Their dominant life stage is the sporophyte, and they produce pollen grains for fertilization, which eliminates the need for water in reproduction.

  • How are seed bearing plants adapted to life on land? Seed-bearing plants exhibit several adaptations for terrestrial life

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