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Draw the truth table for the compound statement (p q) and write A B and (A B) in simple English.

Computer Science

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3. c) Hence or otherwise, determine the roots of the equation f(x)=0f(x)=0
The function f(x)f(x) is not provided in the image. Therefore, the roots of the equation f(x)=0f(x)=0 cannot be determined.

4. a) Draw the truth table for the compound statement ∼(p∨q)\sim(p \lor q)

  1. Create columns for pp, qq, p∨qp \lor q, and ∼(p∨q)\sim(p \lor q).

  2. Fill in all possible truth values for pp and qq.

  3. Calculate the truth values for p∨qp \lor q.

    The disjunction p∨qp \lor q is true if at least one of pp or qq is true.

  4. Calculate the truth values for ∼(p∨q)\sim(p \lor q).

    This is the negation of p∨qp \lor q.

    ppqqp∨qp \lor q∼(p∨q)\sim(p \lor q)
    TTTF
    TFTF
    FTTF
    FFFT

    4. b) Consider the statements A: If the rain is falling B: I will use an umbrella Write in simple English

    • i) A∧BA \land B This statement means "A AND B".

      The rain is falling AND I will use an umbrella.\boxed{\text{The rain is falling AND I will use an umbrella.}}
    • ii) ∼(A∧B)\sim (A \land B) This statement means "NOT (A AND B)". Using De Morgan's laws, ∼(A∧B)\sim (A \land B) is equivalent to ∼A∨∼B\sim A \lor \sim B.

      The rain is NOT falling OR I will NOT use an umbrella.\boxed{\text{The rain is NOT falling OR I will NOT use an umbrella.}}

    5. a) Given the matrix Q=(23x−2x)Q = \begin{pmatrix} 2 & 3 \\ x-2 & x \end{pmatrix}. Find

    • i) the transpose, QTQ^T.
  5. To find the transpose of a matrix, swap its rows and columns.

    $$
    Q^T = \begin{pmatrix} 2 & x-2 \\ 3 & x \end{pmatrix}
    $$
    $$
    \boxed{Q^T = \begin{pmatrix} 2 & x-2 \\ 3 & x \end{pmatrix}}
    $$
    
    • ii) the value of xx for which Q=QTQ = Q^T.
  6. For QQ to be equal to QTQ^T, their corresponding elements must be equal.

    $$
    \begin{pmatrix} 2 & 3 \\ x-2 & x \end{pmatrix} = \begin{pmatrix} 2 & x-2 \\ 3 & x \end{pmatrix}
    $$
    
  7. Equate the off-diagonal elements.

    $$
    3 = x-2
    $$
    
  8. Solve for xx.

    $$
    x = 3+2
    $$
    $$
    x = 5
    $$
    (Also, $x-2 = 3$ gives $x=5$, and the diagonal elements $2=2$ and $x=x$ are always equal).
    $$
    \boxed{x=5}
    $$
    

    5. b) Consider P=(4312)P = \begin{pmatrix} 4 & 3 \\ 1 & 2 \end{pmatrix}. Calculate

    • i) P2P^2
  9. P2P^2 means P×PP \times P.

    $$
    P^2 = \begin{pmatrix} 4 & 3 \\ 1 & 2 \end{pmatrix} \begin{pmatrix} 4 & 3 \\ 1 & 2 \end{pmatrix}
    $$
    
  10. Perform matrix multiplication.

    The element in row $i$, column $j$ of the product matrix is the dot product of row $i$ of the first matrix and column $j$ of the second matrix.
    $$
    P^2 = \begin{pmatrix} (4)(4) + (3)(1) & (4)(3) + (3)(2) \\ (1)(4) + (2)(1) & (1)(3) + (2)(2) \end{pmatrix}
    $$
    $$
    P^2 = \begin{pmatrix} 16 + 3 & 12 + 6 \\ 4 + 2 & 3 + 4 \end{pmatrix}
    $$
    $$
    P^2 = \begin{pmatrix} 19 & 18 \\ 6 & 7 \end{pmatrix}
    $$
    $$
    \boxed{P^2 = \begin{pmatrix} 19 & 18 \\ 6 & 7 \end{pmatrix}}
    $$
    
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