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The binary operation is defined as p q = (pq)/(7) + p + q.

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2 parts
a

145\frac{14}{5}

b

{−7}\{-7\}

Step-by-step solution

5 steps

Here's the solution to the problem:

The binary operation ⊕\oplus is defined as p⊕q=pq7+p+qp \oplus q = \frac{pq}{7} + p + q.

Part a· 2 steps

Inverse of -2 under ⊕\oplus

  1. Find the identity element ee.

    The identity element ee satisfies p⊕e=pp \oplus e = p for any real number pp.

    p⊕e=pe7+p+ep \oplus e = \frac{pe}{7} + p + e

    Setting this equal to pp:

    pe7+p+e=p\frac{pe}{7} + p + e = p

    Subtract pp from both sides:

    pe7+e=0\frac{pe}{7} + e = 0

    Factor out ee:

    e(p7+1)=0e \left( \frac{p}{7} + 1 \right) = 0 e(p+77)=0e \left( \frac{p+7}{7} \right) = 0

    For this equation to hold for all pp (except p=−7p=-7), the identity element must be e=0e=0.

  2. Find the inverse of -2.

    Let the inverse of -2 be xx. By definition, (−2)⊕x=e(-2) \oplus x = e. Since e=0e=0:

    (−2)⊕x=0(-2) \oplus x = 0

    Using the definition of the operation:

    (−2)x7+(−2)+x=0\frac{(-2)x}{7} + (-2) + x = 0 −2x7−2+x=0-\frac{2x}{7} - 2 + x = 0

    Multiply the entire equation by 7 to eliminate the fraction:

    −2x−14+7x=0-2x - 14 + 7x = 0

    Combine like terms:

    5x−14=05x - 14 = 0

    Add 14 to both sides:

    5x=145x = 14

    Divide by 5:

    x=145x = \frac{14}{5}

    The inverse of -2 is 145\boxed{\frac{14}{5}}.

Part b

{−7}\{-7\}

Truth set of m⊕5=m⊕7m \oplus 5 = m \oplus 7

  1. Expand m⊕5m \oplus 5.

    Using the definition p⊕q=pq7+p+qp \oplus q = \frac{pq}{7} + p + q, with p=mp=m and q=5q=5:

    m⊕5=m⋅57+m+5=5m7+m+5m \oplus 5 = \frac{m \cdot 5}{7} + m + 5 = \frac{5m}{7} + m + 5
  2. Expand m⊕7m \oplus 7.

    Using the definition p⊕q=pq7+p+qp \oplus q = \frac{pq}{7} + p + q, with p=mp=m and q=7q=7:

    m⊕7=m⋅77+m+7=7m7+m+7=m+m+7=2m+7m \oplus 7 = \frac{m \cdot 7}{7} + m + 7 = \frac{7m}{7} + m + 7 = m + m + 7 = 2m + 7
  3. Set the two expressions equal and solve for mm.

    5m7+m+5=2m+7\frac{5m}{7} + m + 5 = 2m + 7

    Combine the mm terms on the left side:

    5m7+7m7+5=2m+7\frac{5m}{7} + \frac{7m}{7} + 5 = 2m + 7 12m7+5=2m+7\frac{12m}{7} + 5 = 2m + 7

    Multiply the entire equation by 7 to eliminate the fraction:

    12m+35=14m+4912m + 35 = 14m + 49

    Subtract 12m12m from both sides:

    35=2m+4935 = 2m + 49

    Subtract 49 from both sides:

    35−49=2m35 - 49 = 2m −14=2m-14 = 2m

    Divide by 2:

    m=−142m = \frac{-14}{2} m=−7m = -7

    The truth set is {−7}\boxed{\{-7\}}.

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