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The process taking place at number 2 is faulting, specifically a normal fault.

Computer Science

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The process taking place at number 2 is faulting, specifically a normal fault.

Explanation:
A normal fault occurs when tensional forces pull the Earth's crust apart. This causes the rock layers to fracture, and the hanging wall (the block of rock above the fault plane) moves downwards relative to the footwall (the block of rock below the fault plane).

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