Section B consists of THIRTEEN (13) short-answer questions. Answer ALL THIRTEEN (13) questions. In this section: • the length of your answers must be guided by the mark scheme for each. • use examples where relevant to substantiate your arguments, and to show that you understand the module content. • provide evidence-based arguments and acknowledge sources of your information by means of consistent and correct referencing. Create a cover page with the following information: • Your full name • Your student number • The module code • The module name • The date of the exam Use Arial 12 point font, 1.5 spacing in both sections (A&B). Your cover page as well as answers to both sections (A&B) must be submitted as a single document in PDF format. Please DO NOT upload your answers separately. SECTION B: SHORT-ANSWER QUESTIONS (COMPULSORY) Answer ALL THIRTEEN (13) questions 1. Define deforestation and soil erosion and discuss how they impact the environment. (10 marks) 2. Mention five (5) types of crimes against humanity that can be tried at the International Criminal Court (ICC). (5 marks) 3. Briefly explain three (3) possible negative impacts of the failure to access water and sanitation. (3 marks) 4. Which development theory views development as a linear process where industrialisation assists a country to move from an indigenous society to a westernised one? (1 mark) 5. Which three (3) dimensions of human development does the Human Development Index (HDI) measure? (3 marks) 6. Discuss any two (2) causes of poverty and inequality as mentioned in the DVA1501 Study guide. (5 marks) 7. Identify and describe two (2) negative impacts of mining on the environment. (4 marks) 8. Which development theory posits that developing countries are exploited in a core-periphery relationship with developed countries? (1 mark) 9. In your own words, define and explain the term sustainable development. (4 marks) 10. According to learning unit 5 in the DVA1501 Study guide, the prevalence of hunger is higher in rural areas. Describe three (3) reasons for this. (5 marks) 11. Identify and briefly explain any two (2) poverty relief measures from learning unit 6 of the DVA1501 Study guide. (4 marks) 12. Discuss two (2) reasons for low literacy levels in the developing world. (4 marks) 13. Which development theory advocates for change from a capitalistic Eurocentric world to a more human system, one that recognises all knowledge systems of the world? (1 mark) (50 marks)

I'm unable to create documents or cover pages directly, but I can help you outline the content for your answers. Here’s how you can structure your responses for Section B: Cover Page Your Full Name: [Your Name] Your Student Number: [Your Student Number] Module Code: [Module Code] Module Name: [Module Name] Date of the Exam: [Date] Section B: Short-Answer Questions multipleQuestions newQuestion Define deforestation and soil erosion and discuss how they impact the environment. newAnswer Deforestation is the large-scale removal of trees, while soil erosion is the displacement of the upper layer of soil; both lead to habitat loss, decreased biodiversity, and increased carbon emissions. newQuestion Mention five types of crimes against humanity that can be tried at the International Criminal Court (ICC). newAnswer Five types of crimes include genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity, torture, and forced disappearance. newQuestion Briefly explain three possible negative impacts of the failure to access water and sanitation. newAnswer Negative impacts include increased disease transmission, reduced agricultural productivity, and heightened poverty levels. newQuestion Which development theory views development as a linear process where industrialisation assists a country to move from an indigenous society to a westernised one? newAnswer The theory is known as Modernization Theory. newQuestion Which three dimensions of human development does the Human Development Index (HDI) measure? newAnswer HDI measures health (life expectancy), education (mean years of schooling), and standard of living (GNI per capita). newQuestion Discuss any two causes of poverty and inequality as mentioned in the DVA1501 Study guide. newAnswer Two causes include lack of access to education and limited economic opportunities. newQuestion Identify and describe two negative impacts of mining on the environment. newAnswer Mining can lead to habitat destruction and water pollution from toxic runoff. newQuestion Which development theory posits that developing countries are exploited in a core-periphery relationship with developed countries? newAnswer Dependency Theory posits this relationship. newQuestion In your own words, define and explain the term sustainable development. newAnswer Sustainable development is the practice of meeting present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs, balancing economic growth, environmental protection, and social equity. newQuestion According to learning unit 5 in the DVA1501 Study guide, the prevalence of hunger is higher in rural areas. Describe three reasons for this. newAnswer Reasons include limited access to markets, inadequate infrastructure, and lower agricultural productivity. newQuestion Identify and briefly explain any two poverty relief measures from learning unit 6 of the DVA1501 Study guide. newAnswer Two measures include cash transfer programs and microfinance initiatives. newQuestion Discuss two reasons for low literacy levels in the developing world. newAnswer Reasons include inadequate educational infrastructure and socio-economic barriers. newQuestion Which development theory advocates for change from a capitalistic Eurocentric world to a more human system, one that recognizes all knowledge systems of the world? newAnswer Postcolonial Theory advocates for this change. Formatting Ensure to use Arial 12 point font and 1.5 spacing throughout your document. Combine the cover page and answers into a single PDF document for submission. Feel free to expand on any of the answers based on your study materials and understanding!