Define the following term with regard to electrical engineering course skin effect corona loss

Question 1: skin effect

The skin effect is the tendency of alternating current (AC) to distribute itself within a conductor such that the current density is largest near the surface of the conductor and decreases with greater depths. This phenomenon is caused by self-induced eddy currents that oppose the flow of current in the center of the conductor, effectively reducing the cross-sectional area available for current flow and increasing the effective resistance of the conductor at higher frequencies.

---

Question 2: corona loss

Corona loss is the power loss that occurs in high-voltage transmission lines due to the ionization of air surrounding the conductors. When the electric field strength at the surface of a conductor exceeds the dielectric strength of the air, the air molecules ionize, creating a partial discharge (corona) that is visible as a faint glow and audible as a hissing sound. This ionization leads to energy dissipation in the form of light, heat, sound, and chemical reactions (like ozone production), resulting in a loss of transmitted power.