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ScanSolve AI Tutor · Accepted Answer

Here are the solutions to the problems:

** (a):**

a) (i) What kind of transformer is used? Explain.

Type of transformer: It is a step-down transformer.
Explanation: The primary coil (connected to the mains supply) has more turns than the secondary coil (connected to the load). A step-down transformer reduces the input voltage (240 V) to a lower voltage suitable for the small radio.

a) (ii) Identify the component, M, and state its function.

Component M: It is a diode.
Function: A diode allows current to flow in only one direction. In this circuit, it is used to rectify the alternating current (AC) into pulsating direct current (DC), which is necessary to power the radio.

** (b):**

b) (i) Copy the figure and sketch the magnetic field (indicating its polarity) when the switch is closed.

Step 1: Determine the direction of current. When the switch is closed, direct current flows from the positive terminal of the source (on the right) to the negative terminal (on the left). The current enters the solenoid from the right, passing over the top of the cardboard tube.
Step 2: Apply the right-hand grip rule. Using the right-hand grip rule for a solenoid, if your fingers curl in the direction of the current (over the top, from right to left), your thumb points in the direction of the North pole. The thumb will point to the left.
Step 3: Sketch the magnetic field and polarity. The North pole is at the left end of the solenoid, and the South pole is at the right end. Magnetic field lines emerge from the North pole and enter the South pole. Inside the solenoid, the field lines go from South to North (right to left).

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