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b) i) The gas that burns at the jet is: • Hydrogen ()
ii) The gas in (b)(i) is burned: • To prevent an explosion as hydrogen is highly flammable and forms an explosive mixture with air.
c) Reasons why excess hydrogen chloride gas is dissolved using the funnel arrangement are: • To increase the surface area for dissolution of the highly soluble hydrogen chloride gas. • To prevent suck-back of water into the hot apparatus due to the rapid dissolution of the gas creating a partial vacuum.
d) When the reaction in the combustion tube is complete, the observation will be: • The burning of hydrogen gas at the jet will stop.
e) i) Here are the observations made in the table:
| Solution of hydrogen chloride gas in: | Blue litmus paper | Marble chips | | :------------------------------------ | :---------------- | :----------- | | Water | Turns red | Effervescence/fizzing observed, gas produced | | Methylbenzene | No change (remains blue) | No reaction/no effervescence |
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b) i) The gas that burns at the jet is: • Hydrogen (H_2) ii) The gas in (b)(i) is burned: • To prevent an explosion as hydrogen is highly flammable and forms an explosive mixture with air.
This English question involves literary analysis, grammar, or writing skills. The detailed response below provides a well-structured answer with supporting evidence and clear explanations.